Although the resources of geothermal energy in Ukraine greatly exceed domestic conventional energy sources, using geothermal heat in the country is still far behind the existing opportunities. Addressing this gap requires a large-scale pre-feasibility assessment with proper account for hydrogeological and economic factors to facilitate identifying the most promising areas of the country for efficient use of geothermal energy. One of the well-known technologies in this field is a geothermal well system (GWS) that combines pumping out thermal waters, extracting heat on the ground, and reinjecting cooled water back to the aquifer. In this study, we created the maps of expected thermal output and profitability of the doublet GWS across Ukraine for minimum and maximum values of depth and flow rate of thermal waters applying analytical methods of heat transfer in saturated rocks in combination with the net present value (NPV) as a generally accepted economic criterion. Map analysis showed that the GWS maximum expected thermal output might reach 5–9 MW in the Black Sea coastal area and steppe Crimea at the flow rate exceeding 1500 m3/day and aquifer depth of 2 km and more. The NPV index is positive for the most part of Ukraine and increases up to 7–17 million € in southern regions of the country. Calculating performance parameters for two potential GWS sites showed a higher thermal output for a GWS in the Black Sea coastal area compared to the site in Transcarpathia but comparable NPV for both sites due to lower installation costs in the western part of the country.

中文翻译：

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评估在整个乌克兰安装地热井系统的技术和经济可行性

尽管乌克兰的地热能资源大大超过了国内的常规能源，但在该国利用地热仍远远落后于现有机会。要解决这一差距，就需要进行大规模的预可行性评估，并适当考虑水文地质和经济因素，以帮助确定该国最有前途的有效利用地热能的地区。该领域中的一项著名技术是地热井系统（GWS），该系统结合了抽出热水，在地面上提取热量以及将冷却水重新注入含水层的功能。在这个研究中，我们使用饱和岩石传热的分析方法，结合净现值（NPV），创建了全乌克兰双峰GWS在热水的深度和流量的最小值和最大值的预期热输出和利润率的图。一般公认的经济标准。地图分析表明，在黑海沿岸地区和克里米亚草原，当流量超过1500立方米/天，且含水层深度超过2 km或更多时，GWS的最大预期热输出可能达到5–9 MW。乌克兰大部分地区的NPV指数为正，该国南部地区的NPV指数高达7-1700万欧元。