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Observing supermassive black holes in virtual reality
Computational Astrophysics and Cosmology Pub Date : 2018-11-19 , DOI: 10.1186/s40668-018-0023-7
Jordy Davelaar , Thomas Bronzwaer , Daniel Kok , Ziri Younsi , Monika Mościbrodzka , Heino Falcke

We present a 360∘ (i.e., 4π steradian) general-relativistic ray-tracing and radiative transfer calculations of accreting supermassive black holes. We perform state-of-the-art three-dimensional general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamical simulations using the BHAC code, subsequently post-processing this data with the radiative transfer code RAPTOR. All relativistic and general-relativistic effects, such as Doppler boosting and gravitational redshift, as well as geometrical effects due to the local gravitational field and the observer’s changing position and state of motion, are therefore calculated self-consistently. Synthetic images at four astronomically-relevant observing frequencies are generated from the perspective of an observer with a full 360∘ view inside the accretion flow, who is advected with the flow as it evolves. As an example we calculated images based on recent best-fit models of observations of Sagittarius A*. These images are combined to generate a complete 360∘ Virtual Reality movie of the surrounding environment of the black hole and its event horizon. Our approach also enables the calculation of the local luminosity received at a given fluid element in the accretion flow, providing important applications in, e.g., radiation feedback calculations onto black hole accretion flows. In addition to scientific applications, the 360∘ Virtual Reality movies we present also represent a new medium through which to interactively communicate black hole physics to a wider audience, serving as a powerful educational tool.

中文翻译:

观察虚拟现实中的超大质量黑洞

我们提出了一个360∘(即4πSteradian)的广义相对论射线追踪和累积超大质量黑洞的辐射转移计算。我们使用BHAC代码执行最先进的三维广义相对论磁流体动力学模拟,随后使用辐射传输代码RAPTOR对这些数据进行后处理。因此,可以自洽地计算所有相对论和广义相对论效应,例如多普勒增强和引力红移,以及由于局部引力场和观察者变化的位置和运动状态而引起的几何效应。从观察者的角度生成四个与天文学相关的合成频率的合成图像,观察者在吸积流内部具有完整的360°视角,并随着流的发展而平移。例如,我们根据最近最合适的射手座A *观测模型计算图像。这些图像被组合以生成完整的360°虚拟现实电影,其中包括黑洞及其事件视界的周围环境。我们的方法还可以计算积聚流中给定流体元素处接收到的局部亮度,在例如黑洞积聚流的辐射反馈计算中提供重要的应用。除科​​学应用外,我们展示的360∘虚拟现实电影还代表了一种新媒体,通过它可以将黑洞物理学与更广泛的观众进行互动交流,从而成为一种强大的教育工具。这些图像被组合以生成完整的360°虚拟现实电影,其中包括黑洞及其事件视界的周围环境。我们的方法还可以计算积聚流中给定流体元素处接收到的局部亮度,在例如黑洞积聚流的辐射反馈计算中提供重要的应用。除科​​学应用外,我们展示的360∘虚拟现实电影还代表了一种新媒体,通过它可以将黑洞物理学与更广泛的观众进行互动交流,从而成为一种强大的教育工具。这些图像被组合以生成完整的360°虚拟现实电影,其中包括黑洞及其事件视界的周围环境。我们的方法还可以计算积聚流中给定流体元素处接收到的局部亮度,在例如黑洞积聚流的辐射反馈计算中提供重要的应用。除科​​学应用外,我们展示的360∘虚拟现实电影还代表了一种新媒体,通过它可以将黑洞物理学与更广泛的观众进行互动交流,并作为一种强大的教育工具。,对黑洞积聚流的辐射反馈计算。除科​​学应用外,我们展示的360∘虚拟现实电影还代表了一种新媒体,通过它可以将黑洞物理学与更广泛的观众进行互动交流,从而成为一种强大的教育工具。,对黑洞积聚流的辐射反馈计算。除科​​学应用外,我们展示的360∘虚拟现实电影还代表了一种新媒体,通过它可以将黑洞物理学与更广泛的观众进行互动交流,从而成为一种强大的教育工具。
更新日期:2018-11-19
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