Fossil floras have been recovered from a unique deposit of early Permian age in North-Central Texas. The site, Kola Switch, preserves three distinct floras in different lithofacies, in a succession from a single outcrop. The sedimentary environment appears to be a floodplain channel fill of primarily siltstones and claystones. The lowermost flora, preserved in a kaolinitic siltstone, indicates active water flow. It is dominated by plants typical of well-drained substrates, dominated by Sphenopteris germanica, and contains no wetland elements. The middle flora is from a finely laminated carbonaceous claystone and is dominated by marattialean tree ferns, with no elements from habitats typical of seasonal moisture availability. It contains no roots and appears to have formed as a floating peat mat. The upper flora is a mixed assemblage of wetland taxa and those typical of well-drained soil environments or a seasonal rainfall regime. Unlike the two lower floras, it has a relatively even distribution of dominance and is the most diverse of the three assemblages. Palynofloras also were recovered from each of these beds. The palynofloras, although varying between and even within the beds, indicate a common background species pool during the time interval sampled, suggesting that these distinct floras reflect local changes in microhabitat conditions under a constant climatic background. The palynoflora from each bed has characteristics in common with the macroflora of that bed, but also distinct differences. Together, the macroflora and microflora provide an unusually broad picture of this site through time. Kola Switch compares favorably with the recently described flora from the nearby Sanzenbacher Ranch site of approximately the same age and also with floras of Rotliegend age from Central Europe.

中文翻译：

---

美国得克萨斯州克莱县低二叠纪可乐开关地区连续三个大型植物区系和古植物区系的古生态和古环境解释

化石植物群已从得克萨斯州中北部的二叠纪早期独特沉积物中回收。地点Kola Switch从一个露头开始连续保存了不同岩相中的三个不同植物区系。沉积环境似乎是主要由粉砂岩和粘土岩组成的漫滩通道。保存在高岭土粉砂岩中的最下部植物区系表明活跃的水流。它以排水良好的底物典型的植物为主，以德国鞘翅目为主，并且不包含湿地元素。中间植物区系由精细层压的碳质粘土构成，以马拉蒂亚林树蕨为主，没有来自季节性水分供应的典型栖息地元素。它没有根，看起来像是漂浮的泥炭垫。上层植物群是湿地生物分类群和排水良好的土壤环境或季节性降雨条件下典型的混合群。与下面两个较低的植物区系不同，它具有相对均匀的优势分布，并且是三个组合中最多样化的。也从这些床中的每一个中回收了ly蝶。尽管在床之间甚至在床之间都不同，但ly科植物在取样的时间间隔内显示出一个共同的背景物种库，这表明这些不同的菌群反映了恒定气候背景下微生境条件的局部变化。来自每个床的pa科植物具有与该床的大植物区系相同的特征，但是也存在明显的差异。在一起，大植物区系和微生物区系随时间提供了该地点的异常宽广的图片。Kola Switch与附近地区附近的Sanzenbacher Ranch站点最近描述的大约相同年龄的植物群以及中欧的Rotliegend年龄的植物群相比具有优势。