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Berriasian planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils from Crimea Mountains, with reference to microfossil evolution
Swiss Journal of Palaeontology ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-07 , DOI: 10.1007/s13358-018-0175-8
F. M. Gradstein , A. Waskowska , L. Kopaevich , D. K. Watkins , H. Friis , J. Pérez Panera

A Berriasian age planktonic foraminifera assemblage from a section near the village of Krasnoselivka in the Tonas River Basin, Crimea contains Favusella hoterivica (Subbotina), ?Favusella sp., Conoglobigerina gulekhensis (Gorbachik and Poroshina), Lilliputinella eocretacea (Neagu), Lilliputinella aff. similis (Longoria), Hedbergella aff. handousi Salaj and ? Globuligerina sp. Specimens are poorly preserved, but test morphology, aperture and key wall texture features are recognizable. Age assignment is based on a diverse and well-preserved calcareous nannofossils assemblage of upper zone CC2 and ammonites (Jacobi Zone). The nannfossils indicate an open marine environment of Tethyan affinity. Several of the planktonic foraminiferal taxa were not previously described from pre-Valanginian or Hauterivian strata. XRD analysis of the tests of benthic and planktonic foraminifera and micro-gastropods shows these to be calcitic in composition, also of those benthic and planktonic foraminifera that were deemed to be originally aragonitic in composition, indicating diagenetic changes in carbonate fractions. From detailed comparison to Jurassic planktonic foraminifera, two lineages are proposed from Late Jurassic into earliest Cretaceous: Globuligerina oxfordiana (Grigelis) to Favusella hoterivica (Subbotina) and Globuligerina balakhmatovae (Morozova) to Lilliputinella eocretacea (Neagu). The first lineage is a gradual change in wall sculpture from rugulose to reticulate and the second one a change to a lower spire, more ovate chambers of which the last one may be much larger in size and shift of the aperture out of the umbilicus. The meagre evolution of early planktonic foraminifera from Toarcian through Tithonian with only two genera and fewer than ten species does not follow the evolutionary diversity pattern of nannofossils and dinoflagellates. Tithonian appears to be a bottleneck for planktonic foraminifera, with a sparse record and virtual extinction. The so-called Globigerina oxfordiana from the Tithonian in ODP Site 901 on Galicia Bank (Collins et al. Proceeding Deep Sea Drilling Project Science Research 149:193–201, 1996) is of Miocene age.

中文翻译:

克里米亚山脉的berriasian浮游有孔虫和钙质纳米化石,涉及微化石的演化

克里米亚克里米亚半岛附近一个克拉斯诺瑟列夫卡村附近的部分地区的贝里亚斯时代浮游有孔虫组合,其中包括火热的风杆菌(Favusella hoterivica),?Favusella sp。,Conoglobigerina gulekhensis(Gorbachik和Poroshina),小刺藻(Lilliputinella eocretacea)。similis(Longoria),Hedbergella公司。handousi Salaj和?Globuligerina sp。标本保存不善,但可以识别测试形态,孔径和关键壁纹理特征。年龄分配基于上部CC2和炸药(雅各比地区)的多样化且保存完好的钙质纳米化石组合。纳化石表明特提斯亲和的开放海洋环境。以前没有在瓦朗吉尼阶或上特勒阶地层中描述过一些浮游有孔虫类群。对底栖和浮游有孔虫和微型腹足动物的测试的X射线衍射分析表明,它们的成分是钙质的,那些底栖和浮游有孔虫的成分也被认为是古生的,表明碳酸盐组分的成岩作用。通过与侏罗纪浮游有孔虫的详细比较,提出了从侏罗纪晚期到最早的白垩纪的两个世系:Globuligerina oxfordiana(Grigelis)到Favusella hoterivica(Subbotina)和Globuligerina balakhmatovae(Morozova)到Lilliputinella eocretacea。第一个世系是壁雕塑的逐渐变化,从皱褶变为网状,第二个世系是改变为较低的尖塔,卵形腔更多,最后一个可能更大,卵圆孔的大小也变大,孔从脐中移出。早浮游有孔虫从Toarcian到Tithonian仅有两个属,少于十个物种,仅微不足道的进化没有遵循纳米化石和鞭毛虫的进化多样性模式。Tithonian似乎是浮游有孔虫的瓶颈,记录稀少且几乎灭绝。来自加利西亚银行ODP站点901上的蒂通人的所谓的Globigerina oxfordiana属于中新世时代(Collins等人,Proceeding Deep Sea Drilling Project Science Research 149:193-201,1996)。
更新日期:2020-04-18
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