Sugarcane is known to be one of the oldest cultivated plants in tropical and subtropical countries. Sugar industries are increasing exponentially to satisfy the growing demand for sugar; whereas, the ethanol distilleries have been rapidly expanding, since bioethanol emerged as an affordable, low carbon footprint and renewable bioenergy. However, inadequately treated and indiscriminate disposal of the effluent from sugarcane industries resulted in extensive soil and water pollutions. Hence, this study aimed at reviewing the sugarcane industrial process with its water consumption rates, and effluent characteristics and its adverse effects on the environment. Finally, the study has gone through the most common wastewater treatment efforts made to minimize the effluent environmental burden. In addition to the large volumes of sugar and ethanol industrial effluents, the presence of the different varieties of the pollutants in the effluent is challenging for conventional treatment methods. However, eliminating the pollutants is becoming important for environmental and esthetic values. In line with this, a number of studies encompassing physicochemical and biological treatment methods have been conducted but many of them failed to be effective. Furthermore, alternative treatments have also been developed such as recycling of vinasse, fertirrigation and concentrated by evaporation but they were not effective either due to the high energy use or the large effluent volumes which cannot be managed through such methods. However, anaerobic digestion of high rate was found in the state of the art and an effective approach to treat the sugar industry and ethanol distillery effluents.

中文翻译：

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甘蔗生物精炼厂废水：实现环境可持续性的生物修复技术

甘蔗是热带和亚热带国家最古老的栽培植物之一。制糖业正在成倍增长，以满足对糖的不断增长的需求。然而，自从生物乙醇以负担得起的低碳足迹和可再生生物能源的形式出现以来，乙醇蒸馏厂已迅速发展。但是，对甘蔗工业废水的处理不当和不加选择地造成了广泛的土壤和水污染。因此，本研究旨在回顾甘蔗的工业过程及其耗水率，出水特性及其对环境的不利影响。最后，该研究经历了最常见的废水处理工作，以最大程度地减少废水的环境负担。除了大量的糖和乙醇工业废水外，废水中不同种类污染物的存在对常规处理方法也具有挑战性。但是，消除污染物对于环境和美学价值变得越来越重要。与此相应，已经进行了许多涉及物理化学和生物处理方法的研究，但是许多研究没有效果。此外，还开发了替代性处理方法，例如酒水回收，肥料灌溉和蒸发浓缩等，但由于能耗高或污水处理量大而无法通过这种方法进行管理，因此无效。然而，