The research studied how body size affects wing shape and arrangement of veins in a wide range of families of dipteran insects (Diptera). Body mass and thorax length were used as criteria reflecting body size. Wing shape was characterized by aspect ratio and position of geometric center relative to its longitudinal axis. Allometry of venation was studied by geometric morphometric methods. It was found that character of dependence of wing shape on body size among Brachycera and Nematocera is different. Aspect ratio increases with body size in Nematocera, in Brachycera any correlation is absent. Shift of geometric center of a wing towards its base at the increase in body size is observed for Brachycera, for Nematocera no correlation is noted. It was shown that allometric component of the variation in arrangement of veins varies significantly between different families. With increase in body size, for most Brachycera-Cyclorrhapha studied (Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae, Sepsidae, Tachinidae), shifts of r-m vein in basal direction and dm-cu vein in apical direction are noted. In Brachycera-Orthorrhapha suborder (Asilidae, Dolichopodidae, Empididae, Rhagionidae, Tabanidae), the point of intersection of veins R_{2 + 3} and C shifts towards the apex. For representatives of Nematocera (Chironomidae, Limoniidae, Tipulidae), shifts of the point of intersection of veins CuA₂ and C in basal direction and r-m vein in apical direction are characteristic. The obtained data confirms significant effect of body size on wing shape in Diptera. However, the character of allometry is not uniform in different suborders, apparently due to the fact that values of flight parameters (wing frequency, stroke amplitude), relative wing size (wing area to body size ratio) and wing venation vary greatly in dipterans. It can be concluded that body size is not the principal factor affecting wing shape within the order Diptera.

中文翻译：

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昆虫翅膀形状和通风的异形研究。第2部分。

这项研究研究了体形大小如何影响广泛的双足类昆虫（双翅类）的机翼形状和静脉排列。体重和胸部长度用作反映体重的标准。机翼形状的特征是长宽比和几何中心相对于其纵轴的位置。通过几何形态学方法研究脉管的异速测量法。研究发现，短螺旋体和线虫中，翼形对体型的依赖性不同。线虫的长宽比随着体型的增加而增加，而在Brachycera中则没有任何相关性。在短小壶菌中，观察到机翼的几何中心朝着其基部的方向在体长增加，而对于线虫，未发现相关性。结果表明，不同家庭之间的静脉排列变化的异体分量明显不同。随着体型的增加，对于大多数研究过的短枝蛙-Cyclorrhapha（Calliphoridae，Muscidae，Sarcophagidae，Sepsidae，Tachinidae），注意到rm静脉在基底方向上的移动以及dm-cu静脉在顶端方向上的移动。在Brachycera-Orthorrhapha子亚科（Asilidae，Dolichopodidae，Empididae，Rhagionidae，Tabanidae），静脉的交点_{2 + 3}和C向顶点移动。对于线虫（Chironomidae，Lemoniidae，Tipulidae）的代表，特征在于静脉CuA ₂和C的交点在基础方向上移动，而rm静脉在心尖方向上移动。获得的数据证实了体形对双翅目机翼形状的显着影响。但是，异速飞行的特性在不同的子阶中并不均匀，这显然是由于在北斗七星中飞行参数（机翼频率，冲程幅度），相对机翼尺寸（机翼面积与机体尺寸之比）和机翼静脉的值变化很大。可以得出结论，在双翅目内，体型不是影响机翼形状的主要因素。