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Plant community shifts along tree canopy cover gradients in grazed Patagonian Nothofagus antarctica forests and grasslands
Agroforestry Systems ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s10457-019-00427-y
Máximo F. Alonso , Hope Wentzel , Andreas Schmidt , Oscar Balocchi

Nothofagus antarctica forests at the Chilean Patagonia are valued for both their ecological and livestock production value. Despite their importance, there is not enough information about the understory associated to these forests. Previous studies have reported the dependence of the understory on the light intensity reaching the sward. Thus, our objective was to study the effect of the tree canopy cover on the plant community composition and productivity of the forests´ understory. We established four experimental sites along a 100-km transect covering an area of 700 km2 in Southern Chilean Patagonia. 73 1-m2 metal exclusion cages (quadrats) were randomly distributed along tree cover gradients on the sites. Bare soil, litter and understory cover were registered. Plant botanical composition was also recorded. At the end of the growing season plant biomass was harvested to estimate yield. Species frequency and abundance were analyzed. Species richness and biodiversity were determined. We found 37 species distributed in 20 families. Woody species represented 13.5%, grasses 24.3% and forbs 62.2% of the total. Species richness was higher in grasslands than forests. There was a trend in decreasing biodiversity when increasing tree canopy cover. Differences in yield between grasslands and open forests were not significant. High forage value species presented higher abundance in open forests than grasslands. We conclude that open forests of N. antarctica have higher grazing potential than their associated grasslands. These findings support the facilitation effect of trees over understory species reported previously.

中文翻译:

放牧的巴塔哥尼亚 Nothofagus antarctica 森林和草原中植物群落沿树冠盖度梯度变化

智利巴塔哥尼亚的 Nothofagus antarctica 森林因其生态和畜牧生产价值而受到重视。尽管它们很重要,但关于与这些森林相关的林下的信息还不够。以前的研究报告了林下对到达草地的光强度的依赖性。因此,我们的目标是研究树冠覆盖对森林林下植物群落组成和生产力的影响。我们在智利南部巴塔哥尼亚 700 平方公里的 100 公里横断面上建立了四个实验点。73 个 1 平方米的金属隔离笼(方体)沿着场地上的树木覆盖梯度随机分布。裸土、枯枝落叶和林下覆盖被登记。还记录了植物植物成分。在生长季节结束时收获植物生物量以估计产量。分析了物种频率和丰度。确定了物种丰富度和生物多样性。共发现37种,分布在20科。木本物种占总数的 13.5%,草类占 24.3%,杂草占 62.2%。草原的物种丰富度高于森林。当增加树冠覆盖时,生物多样性呈下降趋势。草原和开阔林之间的产量差异不显着。高草料价值物种在开阔森林中的丰度高于草原。我们得出的结论是,N. antarctica 的开阔森林比与其相关的草原具有更高的放牧潜力。这些发现支持了先前报道的树木对林下物种的促进作用。分析了物种频率和丰度。确定了物种丰富度和生物多样性。共发现37种,分布在20科。木本物种占总数的 13.5%,草类占 24.3%,杂草占 62.2%。草原的物种丰富度高于森林。当增加树冠覆盖时,生物多样性呈下降趋势。草原和开阔林之间的产量差异不显着。高草料价值物种在开阔森林中的丰度高于草原。我们得出的结论是,N. antarctica 的开阔森林比与其相关的草原具有更高的放牧潜力。这些发现支持了先前报道的树木对林下物种的促进作用。分析了物种频率和丰度。确定了物种丰富度和生物多样性。共发现37种,分布在20科。木本物种占总数的 13.5%,草类占 24.3%,杂草占 62.2%。草原的物种丰富度高于森林。当增加树冠覆盖时,生物多样性呈下降趋势。草原和开阔林之间的产量差异不显着。高草料价值物种在开阔森林中的丰度高于草原。我们得出的结论是,N. antarctica 的开阔森林比与其相关的草原具有更高的放牧潜力。这些发现支持了先前报道的树木对林下物种的促进作用。共发现37种,分布在20科。木本物种占总数的 13.5%,草类占 24.3%,杂草占 62.2%。草原的物种丰富度高于森林。当增加树冠覆盖时,生物多样性呈下降趋势。草原和开阔林之间的产量差异不显着。高草料价值物种在开阔森林中的丰度高于草原。我们得出的结论是,N. antarctica 的开阔森林比与其相关的草原具有更高的放牧潜力。这些发现支持了先前报道的树木对林下物种的促进作用。共发现37种,分布在20科。木本物种占总数的 13.5%,草类占 24.3%,杂草占 62.2%。草原的物种丰富度高于森林。当增加树冠覆盖时,生物多样性呈下降趋势。草原和开阔林之间的产量差异不显着。高草料价值物种在开阔森林中的丰度高于草原。我们得出的结论是,N. antarctica 的开阔森林比与其相关的草原具有更高的放牧潜力。这些发现支持了先前报道的树木对林下物种的促进作用。当增加树冠覆盖时,存在生物多样性减少的趋势。草原和开阔林之间的产量差异不显着。高草料价值物种在开阔森林中的丰度高于草原。我们得出的结论是,N. antarctica 的开阔森林比与其相关的草原具有更高的放牧潜力。这些发现支持了先前报道的树木对林下物种的促进作用。当增加树冠覆盖时,存在生物多样性减少的趋势。草原和开阔林之间的产量差异不显着。高草料价值物种在开阔森林中的丰度高于草原。我们得出的结论是,N. antarctica 的开阔森林比与其相关的草原具有更高的放牧潜力。这些发现支持了先前报道的树木对林下物种的促进作用。
更新日期:2019-07-22
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