Abstract This study used electroencephalography to investigate the brain activations of college students of various disciplines when they responded to questions in numeric, verbal, and spatial reasoning tasks. In total, 15 engineering students and 15 literature students were recruited in this experiment and were asked to respond to 12 intelligence test questions. The results were as follows: (i) the participants’ brain activations increased in the frontoparietal network during the numeric reasoning task, and the spectral power in the right anterior temporal cortex was generally higher in the literature students than in the engineering students. (ii) Activations of the language network were observed during the verbal reasoning task, and the spectral power in the right-biased posterior frontal cortex was generally higher in the literature students than in the engineering students; by contrast, the spectral power in the left lateral frontal cortex was generally higher in the engineering students than in the literature students. (iii) The participants’ brain activations increased in the spatial processing network during the spatial reasoning task, and the spectral power in the right posterior temporal cortex was generally higher in the literature students than in the engineering students.

中文翻译：

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从神经认知角度看工程和文学学生在数字、语言和空间推理方面的差异

摘要 本研究使用脑电图来调查不同学科的大学生在回答数字、语言和空间推理任务中的问题时的大脑活动。本次实验共招募15名工科学生和15名文学学生，要求回答12道智力测验题。结果如下：（i）在数字推理任务期间，参与者的额顶网络中的大脑活动增加，并且文学学生的右前颞叶皮层的光谱功率普遍高于工科学生。(ii) 在语言推理任务期间观察到语言网络的激活，文科学生的右偏后额叶皮层的光谱功率普遍高于工科学生；相比之下，工程专业学生左侧额叶皮层的光谱功率通常高于文学专业学生。(iii) 在空间推理任务中，参与者的空间处理网络中的大脑激活增加，并且文学学生的右后颞叶皮层的光谱功率普遍高于工科学生。