The Oroya Shoot (> 62 t Au) in the giant Golden Mile deposit, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia is controlled by reverse faults, which offset altered quartz diorite porphyry but are crosscut by a late-mineralization kersantite dyke (> 2642 ± 6 Ma). Oroya stage 1 ore (12–14 g/t Au) is characterized by chert-like quartz, Fe-chlorite, siderite and pyrite (10–20 vol%), minor arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite, and accessory pyrrhotite, gersdorffite, and melonite. Dendritic pyrite and arsenopyrite-chlorite thermometry indicate rapid precipitation from an H 2 S-dominant fluid of intermediate sulfidation and low oxidation state cooling from 450–400 to 340 °C. Oroya stage 2 ore (120–600 g/t Au) forms veins and breccia filled or cemented by quartz, muscovite (≤ 13.2 wt% V 2 O 3 ), ankerite, chlorite, and tourmaline (≤ 14.7 wt% V 2 O 3 ). The assemblage pyrite-arsenopyrite-chalcopyrite brackets telluride deposition. Bornite-chalcopyrite aggregates, sphalerite, and tetrahedrite are associated with native gold, montbrayite, altaite, calaverite, petzite, tellurantimony, coloradoite, and melonite. Myrmekitic altaite-tellurium ± sylvanite and altaite-krennerite symplectites represent melt droplets deposited at > 400 °C and log f Te2 = − 4 bar (400 °C, 200 MPa). Tellurium fugacity declined as the fluid cooled during the deposition of native gold and free telluride grains terminating in melonite replacement at 340–300 °C. Pyrite-nolanite- and pyrite-magnetite-telluride assemblages suggest oxidation states up to 2 log units higher than during stage 1. After telluride deposition, the fluid evolved to a high sulfidation state (log f S2 = − 5 bar at 300 °C) and increased salinity indicated by digenite-covellite and Cl-bearing altaite. The average ore is enriched in lithophile (K, Rb, Cs), siderophile (Fe, V, Ni, W), and chalcophile elements (e.g., Te, Se, Cu, Zn, Pb) implicating local monzodiorite plutons as the fluid source. Stable isotope data from the Oroya kersantite and from Cu-Au skarn and monzodiorite-granodiorite stocks southeast of Kalgoorlie constrain the composition of the magmatic fluid to δ 13 C PDB = − 3.0 to − 2.2‰ and δ 18 O SMOW = 8.3 to 9.7‰. In the Golden Mile, the fluid oxygen isotope ratios of the gold ore bodies (8.2 to 9.8‰) are consistent with I-type magmatic water. The fluid carbon isotope ratios of all altered rocks (δ 13 C PDB = − 1.7 to − 0.5‰) are 13 C-enriched, perhaps due to the reduction of fluid CO 2 to CH 4 by interaction with ferrous greenstones close to the intrusion.

中文翻译：

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来自 Oroya Shoot、Paringa South 矿、Golden Mile、Kalgoorlie 的富钒金矿中的早期黄铁矿和晚期碲化物矿化：3. 矿石矿物学、Pb-Te (Au-Ag) 熔体包裹体和对流体源的稳定同位素约束

Oroya Shoot (> 62 t Au) 位于西澳大利亚 Yilgarn Craton 的巨型 Golden Mile 矿床中，受反向断层控制，该断层抵消了蚀变的石英闪长斑岩，但被晚期成矿角斑岩 (> 2642 ± 6 Ma) 横切. 奥罗亚第一阶段矿石（12-14 克/吨金）的特征是燧石状石英、亚氯铁矿、菱铁矿和黄铁矿（10-20 vol%）、次要毒砂、黄铜矿和闪锌矿，以及副磁黄铁矿、gersdorfite 和蜜饯。树枝状黄铁矿和毒砂-绿泥石温度测定表明从 450–400 至 340 °C 的中间硫化和低氧化态冷却的 H 2 S 主导流体中快速沉淀。Oroya 阶段 2 矿石（120–600 g/t Au）形成由石英、白云母（≤ 13.2 wt% V 2 O 3 ）、铁橄榄石、绿泥石和电气石（≤ 14.7 wt% V 2 O 3 ）填充或胶结的脉和角砾岩）。黄铁矿-毒砂-黄铜矿括号碲化物沉积组合。斑铜矿-黄铜矿聚集体、闪锌矿和四面体与原生金、蒙脱石、阿尔泰石、钙铝榴石、钙钛矿、碲锑、彩铅矿和黄长石有关。Myrmekitic altaite-tellurium ± sylvanite 和 altaite-krennerite symplectites 代表熔滴沉积在 > 400 °C 和 log f Te2 = − 4 bar (400 °C, 200 MPa)。在天然金和游离碲化物颗粒沉积过程中，碲逸度随着流体冷却而下降，最终在 340-300°C 时发生黄磷灰石置换。黄铁矿-nolanite-和黄铁矿-磁铁矿-碲化物组合表明氧化态比第 1 阶段高 2 log 单位。碲化物沉积后，流体演变为高硫化状态（log f S2 = - 5 bar 在 300 °C 下）和增加的盐度由 digenite-covellite 和含 Cl 的阿尔泰石指示。平均矿石富含亲石元素（K、Rb、Cs）、亲铁元素（Fe、V、Ni、W）和亲硫元素（例如 Te、Se、Cu、Zn、Pb），表明当地的二长闪长岩是流体源. 来自 Oroya kersantite 和来自卡尔古利东南部的 Cu-Au 矽卡岩和二闪长岩-花岗闪长岩库存的稳定同位素数据将岩浆流体的组成限制为 δ 13 C PDB = - 3.0 至 - 2.2‰ 和 δ 18 O SMOW = 8‰3 至 9。 . 金域内金矿体流体氧同位素比（8.2～9.8‰）与I型岩浆水一致。所有蚀变岩石的流体碳同位素比（δ 13 C PDB = − 1.7 to − 0.5‰）均富含 13 C，