Abstract

In the present investigation, kesterite phase Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) nanoparticle, and one-dimensional (1D) nanorods and three-dimensional (3D) flower-like rutile phase TiO₂ thin films were obtained by the conventional hydrothermal method. The (112) plane–oriented single-phase CZTS nanoparticles with chemical composition Cu/(Zn + Sn) = 0.84, 0.90, 1.05 were obtained by changing the copper concentration of the precursor solution. The CZTS thin films were prepared on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate by the doctor blade coating method. The effect of reaction time on growth of the hydrothermal deposited rutile phase TiO₂ nanorod thin films were investigated. The detailed structural properties, phase identification, and morphological developments were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated with CZTS counter electrodes (CEs) and hydrothermal deposited nanostructured TiO₂ photoanodes. The device formed with three-dimensional TiO₂ nanostructured photoanode showed higher efficiency (2.65%) than one-dimensional microstructures (1.74%). The study demonstrates that the nanostructure-based morphologies of TiO₂ photoanodes affect the performance of CZTS CEs–based dye-sensitized solar cell.

中文翻译：

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染料敏化太阳能电池中的CZTS对电极：通过TiO 2纳米结构薄膜的形貌提高光转换效率

摘要

在本研究中，通过常规的水热法获得了钙钛矿相Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄（CZTS）纳米颗粒，以及一维（1D）纳米棒和三维（3D）花状金红石相TiO ₂薄膜。通过改变前体溶液的铜浓度，获得了具有化学成分Cu /（Zn + Sn）= 0.84、0.90、1.05的（112）平面取向单相CZTS纳米粒子。通过刮刀涂布法在掺氟氧化锡（FTO）基底上制备CZTS薄膜。反应时间对水热沉积金红石相TiO ₂生长的影响研究了纳米棒薄膜。使用X射线衍射（XRD），拉曼光谱，高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术研究了详细的结构性质，相识别和形态学发展。染料敏化太阳能电池是用CZTS对电极（CE）和水热沉积的纳米结构TiO _2光阳极制成的。由三维TiO ₂纳米结构光阳极形成的器件显示出比一维微观结构（1.74％）更高的效率（2.65％）。研究表明，基于纳米结构的TiO _2光阳极形态会影响基于CZTS CEs的染料敏化太阳能电池的性能。