Abstract

A chromatographic column is the fundamental element required for gas-chromatographic analysis. The separation of components coming from complex mixtures, prior to their detection was leading to a prominent revolution in different areas of science. Moreover, current advances in gas chromatographic (GC) columns technology and development have been providing almost unlimited possibilities for analysis employing diverse matrices. We aim through this review article to describe the evolution of chromatographic columns, by pointing the most important stages, as well as the new trends and future perspectives predicted for the new generation of GC columns. Furthermore, it was in our scope to present the main fundamentals regarding the theoretical relationships that describe the chromatographic separation, to introduce concepts related to columns selection in accordance with the required application as well as to discuss the available evaluation parameters for columns efficiency. Consequently, the early stages of first columns preparation up to the development of GC capillary columns used nowadays, together with examples of their applications are also reported and described in detail.

摘要

色谱柱是气相色谱分析所需的基本元素。在检测到复杂混合物之前，先将其从复杂混合物中分离出来，这是不同科学领域的一次重大革命。此外，气相色谱（GC）色谱柱技术和开发方面的最新进展为使用各种基质进行分析提供了几乎无限的可能性。通过这篇综述文章，我们旨在通过指出最重要的阶段以及新一代GC色谱柱的新趋势和未来展望来描述色谱柱的发展。此外，在我们的研究范围内提供有关描述色谱分离的理论关系的主要基础知识，根据所需的应用介绍与色谱柱选择有关的概念，并讨论提高色谱柱效率的可用评估参数。因此，也详细报道并描述了第一色谱柱制备的早期阶段，直至当今使用的GC毛细管色谱柱的开发。