Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a good source of nutrients for animals and human consumption. In the present study, we analyzed the anthocyanin and total phenolic contents in two contrasting (desi and kabuli) chickpea cultivars. The quantification of anthocyanins showed higher amount in desi as compared to kabuli chickpea. The total phenolic contents was estimated in desi and kabuli chickpea using two different solvents (50% Acetone and 70% Methanol extracts) for coverage of all potential phenolic compounds. In continuation, desi chickpea culitvars (himchana and ICC4958) were found to be significantly higher total phenolic contents (in both solvent extracts) as compared to kabuli cultivars (JGK-03 and L-552). Higher phenolic contents was found to be directly correlated to higher anthocyanin contents in desi as compared to kabuli chickpea. The volatile organic compounds were also analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy technique in both cultivars. The significant compositional differences in volatile organic composition (polar and non-polar) of desi and kabuli cultivars were also found to be noticed using two different solvent extractions (methanol and chloroform). The comparative analysis of volatile organic acids in methanolic and chloroform extracts of desi cultivars (himchana and ICC4958), kabuli cultivars (JGK-03 and L-552) and between desi and kabuli cultivars was also carried out for in-depth understanding of the differential patterns of low molecular weight metabolites. Six metabolites were found to be common in all four selected cultivars in chloroform extracted samples, while four were found to be common in all four selected cultivars in methanolic extracted samples. The remaining detected metabolites are uncommon among different cultivars and represented as cultivar specific signatory metabolites. In conclusion, the present investigation revealed higher anthocyanin and phenolic contents in desi cultivars as compared to kabuli cultivars and differential accumulation of volatile organic compounds in chickpea cultivars. The metabolite alterations among desi and chickpea cultivars could be the potential attribute for diversity, resilience and commercial usuages.

中文翻译：

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鹰嘴豆栽培品种中代谢产物的比较分析

鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinumL.）是动物和人类食用的良好营养来源。在本研究中，我们分析了两种不同的（鹰嘴豆和喀布尔）鹰嘴豆品种的花色苷和总酚含量。与喀布尔鹰嘴豆相比，花色苷的定量显示出更高的Desi含量。使用两种不同的溶剂（50％丙酮和70％甲醇提取物）估计了德西和喀布尔鹰嘴豆中的总酚含量，以覆盖所有潜在的酚化合物。继而，发现与鹰嘴豆栽培品种（JGK-03和L-552）相比，德西鹰嘴豆栽培品种（himchana和ICC4958）的总酚含量（在两种溶剂提取物中）显着更高。与喀布尔鹰嘴豆相比，发现desi中较高的酚含量与较高的花色苷含量直接相关。还使用气相色谱质谱技术在两个品种中分析了挥发性有机化合物。还发现使用两种不同的溶剂萃取（甲醇和氯仿）可以观察到德西和喀布尔品种的挥发性有机成分（极性和非极性）的显着组成差异。还对Desi品种（himchana和ICC4958），kabuli品种（JGK-03和L-552）的甲醇和氯仿提取物中以及desi和kabuli品种之间的挥发性有机酸进行了比较分析，以深入了解差异低分子量代谢物的模式。在氯仿提取的样品中，发现所有四个选定品种中共有六种代谢物，在甲醇提取的样品中，发现所有四个选定品种中共有四个是常见的。其余检测到的代谢物在不同品种中并不常见，并表示为品种特异性的标志性代谢物。总之，本研究表明，与喀布尔栽培品种相比，德西栽培品种中的花色苷和酚类含量更高，而鹰嘴豆栽培品种中挥发性有机化合物的差异积累。Desi和鹰嘴豆品种之间的代谢物变化可能是多样性，适应力和商业用途的潜在属性。本研究表明，与喀布尔栽培品种相比，德西栽培品种中的花色苷和酚类含量更高，而鹰嘴豆栽培品种中挥发性有机化合物的差异积累。Desi和鹰嘴豆品种之间的代谢物变化可能是多样性，适应力和商业用途的潜在属性。本研究表明，与喀布尔栽培品种相比，德西栽培品种中的花色苷和酚类含量更高，而鹰嘴豆栽培品种中挥发性有机化合物的差异积累。Desi和鹰嘴豆品种之间的代谢物变化可能是多样性，适应力和商业用途的潜在属性。