In two rat models of acute paraoxon (POX) poisoning against the background of specific and nonspecific inhibition of blood plasma carboxyl esterase (CE) activity, the POX effect on morphology and functions of the rat kidneys was assessed within a period from 1 day to 6 weeks after the poisoning. During the first 3 days, rats developed transient glycosuria and increased urinary excretion of calbindin and sulfated glycosaminoglycans. One day after the poisoning, a positive reaction for protein deposits (AFOG+) was observed in the descending and ascending limbs of the loop of Henle and collecting ducts against the background of nonspecific CE inhibition. After 2 weeks, the AFOG+ reaction was detected in the proximal straight tubules along with desquamation of epithelial cells. Both 3 days and 2 weeks after the poisoning, regardless of the mode of CE inhibition, a morphometric analysis of individual components of the rat nephron revealed an increase in the size of the renal corpuscle and the glomerular capillary tuft within the Bowman’s capsule. Three days after the poisoning and at every subsequent observations, intoxicated rats exhibited an alteration in the luminal diameter of the proximal tubules and the luminal surface of the collecting ducts. Most pronounced alterations in the luminal diameter of the distal tubules were observed 3 days, 4 and 6 weeks after the poisoning.

中文翻译：

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大鼠（Rattus norvegicus）作为急性有机磷中毒的模型对象。5. 肾脏形态功能改变

在血浆羧基酯酶 (CE) 活性的特异性和非特异性抑制背景下的两种急性对氧磷 (POX) 中毒大鼠模型中，在 1 天至 6 天的时间内评估了 POX 对大鼠肾脏形态和功能的影响中毒后数周。在前 3 天，大鼠出现一过性糖尿和钙结合蛋白和硫酸化糖胺聚糖的尿排泄增加。中毒1天后，在非特异性CE抑制的背景下，在亨乐袢和集合管的降支和升支中观察到蛋白沉积阳性反应（AFOG+）。2 周后，在近端直小管中检测到 AFOG+ 反应以及上皮细胞脱屑。中毒后 3 天和 2 周，不管 CE 抑制的模式如何，对大鼠肾单位的单个成分的形态计量分析显示肾小体和鲍曼囊内的肾小球毛细血管簇的大小增加。中毒 3 天后以及在随后的每次观察中，中毒的大鼠都表现出近端小管的管腔直径和集合管的管腔表面发生改变。在中毒后 3 天、4 和 6 周观察到远端小管管腔直径的最显着变化。中毒的大鼠表现出近端小管的管腔直径和集合管的管腔表面发生改变。在中毒后 3 天、4 和 6 周观察到远端小管管腔直径的最显着变化。中毒的大鼠表现出近端小管的管腔直径和集合管的管腔表面发生改变。在中毒后 3 天、4 和 6 周观察到远端小管管腔直径的最显着变化。