Plant stress tolerance is a complex process involving transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Many recent studies have shown that LncRNAs play important roles in plant stress responses and thus create new opportunities for genetic plant breeding. In this study, RNA-seq analysis of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves under PEG-simulated drought stress was carried out and differential expression profiles of LncRNAs were obtained. We identified five drought-response-up-regulated LncRNAs (DRURs) and five drought-response-down-regulated LncRNAs (DRDRs). Speculating that these LncRNAs participate in the regulation of Z. bungeanum’s PEG-simulated drought stress response, to confirm their function, we predicted miRNAs in LncRNAs and predicted the miRNA target genes. Forty-four miRNAs were identified from the 10 LncRNAs and the target genes of miRNA were shown to involve numerous signaling pathways and metabolic pathways, including plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling, cell growth and death, and amino acid biosynthesis. Results suggest the 10 drought-responsive LncRNAs may be involved in the regulation of membrane stability in mitochondria and chloroplasts and so help maintain normal operation of photosynthesis and respiration. They also, activate the JA, ABA, auxin, ethylene, GA and MAPK signaling pathways.

中文翻译：

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RNA测序和功能分析揭示了花椒中新型抗旱长链非编码RNA的调控

植物胁迫耐受性是一个复杂的过程，涉及基因表达的转录和转录后调控。最近的许多研究表明，LncRNAs 在植物应激反应中发挥重要作用，从而为遗传植物育种创造了新的机会。本研究对 PEG 模拟干旱胁迫下花椒叶片进行 RNA-seq 分析，获得 LncRNA 的差异表达谱。我们确定了五种干旱反应上调的 LncRNA（DRUR）和五种干旱反应下调的 LncRNA（DRDR）。推测这些 LncRNAs 参与调节花椒 PEG 模拟的干旱胁迫反应，为了证实它们的功能，我们预测了 LncRNAs 中的 miRNAs 并预测了 miRNA 靶基因。从10个LncRNA中鉴定出44个miRNA，miRNA的靶基因涉及多种信号通路和代谢通路，包括植物病原体相互作用、植物激素信号转导、MAPK信号、细胞生长和死亡以及氨基酸生物合成. 结果表明，10 个干旱响应 LncRNA 可能参与调节线粒体和叶绿体的膜稳定性，从而有助于维持光合作用和呼吸作用的正常运行。它们还激活 JA、ABA、生长素、乙烯、GA 和 MAPK 信号通路。结果表明，10个干旱响应LncRNA可能参与了线粒体和叶绿体膜稳定性的调节，从而有助于维持光合作用和呼吸作用的正常运行。它们还激活 JA、ABA、生长素、乙烯、GA 和 MAPK 信号通路。结果表明，10个干旱响应LncRNA可能参与了线粒体和叶绿体膜稳定性的调节，从而有助于维持光合作用和呼吸作用的正常运行。它们还激活 JA、ABA、生长素、乙烯、GA 和 MAPK 信号通路。