Degraded visual conditions present a great challenge to rotary-wing aircraft. These conditions can obscure cues used to interpret speed, location and approach. With such cues obscured, pilots must rely on in-cockpit instrumentation, increasing workload, whilst reducing situation awareness. When operating within degraded visual conditions, pilots require easy access to flight critical information, presented in a way that minimises additional workload and maximises situation awareness. One technology that can be beneficial within such conditions is a head-up display (HUD). This study explores the impact of an iteratively designed HUD on pilots’ workload and situation awareness during the safety-critical descent and landing flight phases, during both clear and degraded visual conditions across a series of simulated trials. Results suggest that access to the HUD facilitated pilot awareness, whilst maintaining workload in all conditions. Results support the view that HUDS are beneficial to rotary-wing pilots, particularly in degraded visual environments.

中文翻译：

---

透视迷雾：对迭代设计的平视显示器进行评估，使用模拟的退化视觉环境，以促进旋翼飞行员的态势感知和工作量

退化的视觉条件给旋翼飞机带来了巨大的挑战。这些条件可能会掩盖用于解释速度、位置和方法的线索。由于这些线索被掩盖，飞行员必须依赖驾驶舱内的仪表，增加工作量，同时降低态势感知能力。当在视觉条件下降的情况下操作时，飞行员需要轻松访问飞行关键信息，以最大限度地减少额外工作量和最大限度地提高态势感知的方式呈现。在这种情况下有益的一项技术是平视显示器 (HUD)。本研究探讨了迭代设计的 HUD 在安全关键的下降和着陆飞行阶段，在一系列模拟试验中清晰和退化的视觉条件下对飞行员的工作量和态势感知的影响。结果表明，访问 HUD 有助于飞行员提高意识，同时在所有条件下保持工作量。结果支持了 HUDS 有利于旋翼飞行员的观点，尤其是在视觉环境退化的情况下。