This study aimed to determine and compare the fatty acid composition and atherogenecity index of milk fat from Nguni, Boer and non-descript at two different sampling periods. The goats (n = 10 for each goat genotypes) were raised under an extensive system of husbandry. Milk samples were collected from each individual goat to determine fatty acids, as methyl esters, using gas chromatography. The result revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) in fatty acid profiles among the three goat genotypes for butyric, caproic, myristic, palmitic, stearic, vaccenic, linoleic, conjugated linoleic, α-linolenic, arachidic, eicosatrienoic and docosapentaenoic acids, among other milk fats. The time of milk sampling also had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on caproic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margaric, stearic, linoleic, arachidonic, docosapentaenoic and conjugated linoleic acids of milk fat. In addition, Nguni goats’ milk fat had a healthier fatty acid than those of Boer and non-descript goats, characterized by a lower content in saturated fatty acid (68.65, 73.77 and 71.73 (P < 0.05), respectively). Goat genotypes and milk sampling time had an influence on the fatty acid composition of goat milk. These findings support the fact that goat milk is an important source of health-promoting substances and support the sustainable use of animal genetic resources to improve goat milk fat quality, and hence deserve further investigation with local indigenous goat breeds.

中文翻译：

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南非自由放牧的Nguni，Boer和非描述性山羊的牛奶的比较脂肪酸谱和致动脉粥样硬化指数

这项研究旨在确定和比较来自两个不同采样时期的Nguni，Boer和non-descript乳脂的脂肪酸组成和动脉粥样硬化指数。在广泛的饲养系统中饲养山羊（每种山羊基因型n = 10）。使用气相色谱法从每只山羊身上采集牛奶样品，以测定脂肪酸（甲酯）含量。结果显示，丁酸，己酸，肉豆蔻酸，棕榈酸，硬脂酸，痘苗酸，亚油酸，共轭亚油酸，α-亚麻酸，花生酸，二十碳三烯酸和二十二碳五烯酸的三种山羊基因型之间的脂肪酸谱差异显着（P <0.05）牛奶脂肪。牛奶采样时间对己酸，月桂酸，肉豆蔻酸，棕榈酸，棕榈油酸，玛格丽特，硬脂酸，亚油酸，花生四烯酸，乳脂中的二十二碳五烯酸和共轭亚油酸。此外，恩古尼山羊的乳脂脂肪比波尔山羊和非描述山羊的脂肪更健康，其特征在于饱和脂肪酸含量较低（分别为68.65、73.77和71.73（P <0.05））。山羊的基因型和牛奶采样时间对山羊奶的脂肪酸组成有影响。这些发现支持以下事实：山羊奶是促进健康的物质的重要来源，并支持动物遗传资源的可持续利用以改善山羊奶的脂肪质量，因此值得与当地本土山羊品种进行进一步调查。其特征在于较低的饱和脂肪酸含量（分别为68.65、73.77和71.73（P <0.05））。山羊的基因型和牛奶采样时间对山羊奶的脂肪酸组成有影响。这些发现支持以下事实：山羊奶是促进健康的物质的重要来源，并支持动物遗传资源的可持续利用以改善山羊奶的脂肪质量，因此值得与当地本土山羊品种进行进一步调查。其特征在于较低的饱和脂肪酸含量（分别为68.65、73.77和71.73（P <0.05））。山羊的基因型和牛奶采样时间对山羊奶的脂肪酸组成有影响。这些发现支持以下事实：山羊奶是促进健康的物质的重要来源，并支持动物遗传资源的可持续利用以改善山羊奶的脂肪质量，因此值得与当地本土山羊品种进行进一步调查。