The effect of CuO, ZnO, and CuO+ZnO sintering aids added to BaZr_0.8Y_0.2O_3−δ was investigated on phase formation, microstructure, and proton conductivity with the use of the X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The BaZr_0.8Y_0.2O_3−δ pellet samples were prepared by the solid-state reaction method and sintered at 1400 °C for 10 h. The presence of a secondary phase was not detected by XRD in samples with sintering aids. The relative density of the samples without a sintering aid was 68%, while all samples with sintering achieved over 95%. SEM images revealed how the different types of sintering aids lead to the alteration of grain size, microstructure, and proton conductivity. Grain boundary conductivities were observed to improve with the addition of CuO+ZnO promoting abnormal grains such as plate-like grains and large equiaxed grains.

中文翻译：

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添加CuO和ZnO对Y掺杂BaZrO 3晶粒长大和质子传导性的影响

利用X射线衍射技术，扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射技术研究了添加到BaZr _0.8 Y _0.2 O3 _-δ中的CuO，ZnO和CuO + ZnO烧结助剂对相形成，微观结构和质子电导率的影响。电化学阻抗谱。BaZr _0.8 Y _0.2 O _3−δ通过固相反应方法制备颗粒样品，并在1400°C下烧结10 h。XRD未在带有烧结助剂的样品中检测到第二相的存在。没有烧结助剂的样品的相对密度为68％，而所有具有烧结助剂的样品均达到95％以上。SEM图像揭示了不同类型的烧结助剂如何导致晶粒尺寸，微观结构和质子传导性的改变。观察到晶界电导率随CuO + ZnO的添加而提高，从而促进了异常晶粒，如板状晶粒和大等轴晶晶粒。