Ticks in the ecotone: the impact of agri-environment field margins on the presence and intensity of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in farmland in southern England.,Medical and Veterinary Entomology

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Ticks in the ecotone: the impact of agri-environment field margins on the presence and intensity of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in farmland in southern England.
Medical and Veterinary Entomology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 , DOI: 10.1111/mve.12428
J M Medlock _{1,

2,

3} , A G C Vaux ₁ , K M Hansford _{1,

2} , M E Pietzsch ₁ , E L Gillingham _{1,

2}

Affiliation

The present study aimed to assess whether agri-environment field margins provide a habitat for the sheep/deer tick Ixodes ricinus. Field studies were conducted in arable farmland in southern England in both extant and newly constructed field margins. The presence and intensity (i.e. the mean number of nymphs per transect, excluding zeros) of questing nymphs and adult I. ricinus were compared between field margins with three adjacent habitats: woodland, hedgerow and arable land. The presence and intensity of ticks within a field margin was also compared between three ecozones: the ecotone, the margin and the crop. It was found that field margins do support I. ricinus, although the intensity of ticks was associated with field margins with adjacent woodland, with a higher tick intensity along the ecotonal ecozone, compared with the rest of the margin or the crop edge. The presence of a hedge also increased the likelihood of finding questing nymphs in a field margin compared with a margin adjacent to arable land. This effect, however, was less pronounced than in field margins with adjacent woodland. The provision of footpaths within the margin (at least 1-2 m from the ecotone), or on the edge of the crop where paths run next to woodland known to be an important tick habitat, could be promoted to minimize tick exposure. In addition, based on the results of the present study, raising awareness that walking alongside woodlands also constitutes a tick risk could be promoted.

中文翻译：

过渡带中的壁虱：农业环境田间边缘对英格兰南部农田中蓖麻I（Acixs ricinus ticks（Acari：Ixodidae））的存在和强度的影响。

本研究旨在评估农业环境田间边缘是否为绵羊/鹿tick（Ixodes ricinus）提供了栖息地。在英格兰南部现存的和新建的农田边缘进行了耕地研究。比较田间边缘与三个相邻生境（林地，树篱和可耕地）之间的觅食若虫和成年I. ricinus的存在和强度（即每个横断面的若虫平均数量，不包括零）。还比较了三个生态区（过渡带，边缘和农作物）内田间margin的存在和强度。研究发现，田间边缘确实支持蓖麻（I. ricinus），尽管tick的强度与相邻林地的田间边缘相关，而沿生态带生态带的tick强度较高，与余量或作物边缘的其余部分相比。与邻近耕地的边缘相比，树篱的存在还增加了在田间边缘发现寻仙若虫的可能性。但是，这种影响不如相邻林地的田间边缘明显。可以促进在边缘（距过渡带至少1-2 m）内或在作物的边缘提供小径，在小径旁边的小径位于被称为重要tick虫栖息地的林地旁边，以减少tick虫的暴露。此外，根据本研究的结果，可以提高人们的意识，即与林地同行也构成a虫风险。不如相邻林地的田间边缘明显。可以促进在边缘（距过渡带至少1-2 m）内或在作物的边缘提供小径，在小径旁边的小径位于被称为重要tick虫栖息地的林地旁边，以减少tick虫的暴露。此外，根据本研究的结果，可以提高人们的意识，即与林地同行也构成a虫风险。不如相邻林地的田间边缘明显。可以促进在边缘（距过渡带至少1-2 m）内或在作物的边缘提供小径，在小径旁边的小径位于被称为重要tick虫栖息地的林地旁边，以减少tick虫的暴露。此外，根据本研究的结果，可以提高人们的意识，即与林地同行也构成a虫风险。

更新日期：2020-01-08

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