This review examines visually guided search behavior during walking in different species and developmental stages of insects having contrasting habitat utilization strategies. The discussion focuses on mantises, short-horned grasshoppers and crickets. Although generally short-horned grasshoppers are travelers, whereas mantises are ambush predators, all of these insects exhibit visually guided behavior during walking in the search for food sites and shelter. In crickets, which are central place foragers, visually guided behavior during walking is also important for nest site homing. Despite differences in habitat utilization, these three insect groups all use searches incorporating intermittent locomotion, where the distances traveled and duration of pauses have a distinct functional significance. However, there are also locomotion pattern variations, such as loops, zigzags, spiral patterns and straight lines. Search strategies during walking include searches with and without visual landmarks. The detection and recognition of stationary visual landmarks is based on self-induced retinal image displacement, with differing underlying neuronal mechanisms in the three insect groups. If a visual landmark is identified as a suitable target, a direct approach is elicited under either open- or closed-loop conditions, depending on the situation. In the presence of more than one suitable target object, the behavioral response can be temporarily restricted to stimuli associated with a particular area of the visual field, while information from other areas of the visual field is suppressed. The review concludes that there are gaps in knowledge concerning the various questions and thus further research is needed.

中文翻译：

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在具有不同栖息地利用策略的昆虫中行走期间的视觉引导搜索行为

这篇综述研究了在不同物种和昆虫发育阶段行走过程中视觉引导的搜索行为，这些昆虫具有不同的栖息地利用策略。讨论的重点是螳螂、短角蚱蜢和蟋蟀。尽管通常短角蚱蜢是旅行者，而螳螂是伏击捕食者，但所有这些昆虫在寻找食物地点和避难所时都表现出视觉引导行为。在蟋蟀中，蟋蟀是中心觅食者，步行过程中的视觉引导行为对于巢址归巢也很重要。尽管栖息地利用存在差异，但这三个昆虫群体都使用包含间歇性运动的搜索，其中行进的距离和暂停的持续时间具有明显的功能意义。然而，还有运动模式的变化，例如循环、曲折、螺旋模式和直线。步行期间的搜索策略包括使用和不使用视觉地标的搜索。静止视觉地标的检测和识别基于自诱导的视网膜图像位移，在三个昆虫组中具有不同的潜在神经元机制。如果视觉地标被识别为合适的目标，则根据情况在开环或闭环条件下引发直接接近。在存在多个合适的目标对象的情况下，行为反应可以暂时限制为与视野特定区域相关的刺激，而来自视野其他区域的信息则被抑制。