Currently, stem cell donor registries include more than 35 million potential donors worldwide to provide HLA‐matched stem cell products for patients in need of an unrelated donor transplant. DKMS is a leading stem cell donor registry with more than 9 million donors from Germany, Poland, the United States, the United Kingdom, India and Chile. DKMS donors have donated hematopoietic stem cells more than 80,000 times. Many aspects of donor registry work are closely related to topics from immunogenetics or population genetics. In this two‐part review article, we describe, analyse and discuss these areas of donor registry work by using the example of DKMS. Part 1 of the review gives a general overview on DKMS and includes typical donor registry activities with special focus on the HLA system: high‐throughput HLA typing of potential stem cell donors, HLA haplotype frequencies and resulting matching probabilities, and donor file optimization with regard to HLA diversity.

中文翻译：

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干细胞捐献者登记工作中的免疫遗传学：DKMS 示例（第 1 部分）

目前，干细胞捐献者登记处包括全球超过 3500 万潜在捐献者，为需要非亲属捐献者移植的患者提供 HLA 匹配的干细胞产品。DKMS 是一家领先的干细胞捐献者登记机构，拥有来自德国、波兰、美国、英国、印度和智利的超过 900 万捐献者。DKMS捐献者已捐献造血干细胞超过8万次。捐赠者登记工作的许多方面与免疫遗传学或群体遗传学的主题密切相关。在这篇由两部分组成的综述文章中，我们以 DKMS 为例描述、分析和讨论捐赠者登记工作的这些领域。综述的第 1 部分对 DKMS 进行了总体概述，包括典型的供体登记活动，特别关注 HLA 系统：潜在干细胞供体的高通量 HLA 分型、HLA 单倍型频率和由此产生的匹配概率，以及供体文件优化HLA 多样性。