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Diel and seasonal patterns of variation in the singing behaviour of Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis)
Avian Research ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s40657-019-0165-6
Ines G. Moran , Katrina C. Lukianchuk , Stéphanie. M. Doucet , Amy E. M. Newman , Heather Williams , D. Ryan Norris , Daniel J. Mennill

The vocalizations of birds are dynamic traits that often vary in output with time of day and time of year. By quantifying patterns of diel and seasonal variation in vocal output, we can gain insight into the ecology and evolution of birds and the function of their vocalizations. In this investigation, we quantified diel and seasonal variation in song output by studying a breeding population of Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis). We used autonomous recorders to collect extensive recordings across the breeding season in a long-term, colour-marked study population of Savannah Sparrows in eastern Canada. We described diel and seasonal variation across five different breeding stages based on recordings of more than 50,000 songs from 34 males. During the pre-breeding stage, prior to female arrival, males sang a pronounced dawn chorus with a peak in song output during the early morning. During the breeding stage, in contrast, the dawn chorus was diminished and males instead exhibited a pronounced dusk chorus with a peak in song output during the evening. Across the breeding season, the highest levels of song output occurred in late April and early May, soon after males arrived on the breeding grounds, and the lowest levels occurred in August, prior to the departure of birds for the wintering grounds. These patterns suggest that Savannah Sparrows’ early-season dawn choruses are directed at males and serve a territorial defense function. Later-season dusk choruses, in contrast, appear to play a role in attracting mates and possibly acoustic mate guarding.

中文翻译:

大草原麻雀(Passerculus sandwichensis)歌唱行为的Diel和季节变化。

鸟的发声是动态特征,通常随着一天中的时间和一年中的时间而变化。通过量化声音输出的diel模式和季节性变化,我们可以洞察鸟类的生态和进化以及它们的发声功能。在这项调查中,我们通过研究萨凡纳麻雀(Passerculus sandwichensis)的繁殖种群来量化歌曲输出的diel和季节性变化。我们在加拿大东部的Savannah Sparrows进行了长期的有色标记的研究种群中,使用自动记录器收集了整个繁殖季节的大量记录。我们根据34位男性的50,000多首歌曲的录音,描述了五个不同繁殖阶段的diel和季节性变化。在繁殖前阶段,在雌性到达之前,男性在清晨唱出明显的黎明合唱,歌曲输出达到峰值。相反,在繁殖阶段,黎明合唱减弱,而雄性则表现出明显的黄昏合唱,而黄昏时的歌曲输出达到峰值。在整个繁殖季节,雄鸟到达繁殖场后不久,最高的歌曲输出发生在4月下旬和5月初,而最低的声音发生在8月,即鸟类离开越冬场之前。这些模式表明,萨凡纳麻雀的早期黎明合唱团是针对男性的,具有领土防御功能。相比之下,后期的黄昏合唱似乎在吸引队友和可能的声音队友守卫方面发挥了作用。黎明的合唱减少了,相反,雄性表现出明显的黄昏合唱,而黄昏时的歌曲输出达到峰值。在整个繁殖季节,雄鸟到达繁殖场后不久,最高的歌曲输出发生在4月下旬和5月初,而最低的声音发生在8月,即鸟类离开越冬场之前。这些模式表明,萨凡纳麻雀的早期黎明合唱团是针对男性的,具有领土防御功能。相比之下,后期的黄昏合唱似乎在吸引队友和可能的声音队友守卫方面发挥了作用。黎明的合唱减少了,相反,雄性表现出明显的黄昏合唱,而黄昏时的歌曲输出达到峰值。在整个繁殖季节,雄鸟到达繁殖场后不久,最高的歌曲输出发生在4月下旬和5月初,而最低的声音发生在8月,即鸟类离开越冬场之前。这些模式表明,萨凡纳麻雀(Savannah Sparrows)的早期黎明合唱团是针对男性的,具有领土防御功能。相比之下,后期的黄昏合唱似乎在吸引队友和可能的声音队友守卫方面发挥了作用。最高的歌曲输出发生在四月下旬和五月初,这是雄性到达繁殖场后不久,最低的发生在八月,即鸟类离开越冬场之前。这些模式表明,萨凡纳麻雀的早期黎明合唱团是针对男性的,具有领土防御功能。相比之下,后期的黄昏合唱似乎在吸引队友和可能的声音队友守卫方面发挥了作用。最高的歌曲输出发生在四月下旬和五月初,这是雄性到达繁殖场后不久,最低的发生在八月,即鸟类离开越冬场之前。这些模式表明,萨凡纳麻雀的早期黎明合唱团是针对男性的,具有领土防御功能。相比之下,后期的黄昏合唱似乎在吸引队友和可能的声音队友守卫方面发挥了作用。
更新日期:2019-07-01
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