The present review article focuses on the recent advancements in amide and peptide coupling reactions of racemization-prone substrates using n-propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P). It summarizes its utility in the preparation of various carboxylic acid derivatives including esters, azides, hydroxamates, thiohydroxamates, carbamates, Weinreb amides, etc. Besides, its role in a variety of organic functional group transformations (e.g. conversion of aldoximes and ketoximes into nitriles and amides, oxidation of alcohols into olefins and corresponding carbonyl compounds, conversion of carboxylic acids and amides into nitriles and isonitriles, reduction of carboxylic acids into alcohols, acetalization and thioacetalization of aldehydes, conversion of N ^α-protected amino/peptide acids into thioacids, etc.) and in synthesis of heterocyclic compounds is also discussed.

中文翻译：

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丙基膦酸酐（T3P®）：有机合成的便捷试剂

本文的综述集中在使用正丙基膦酸酐（T3P）的易于消旋化的底物的酰胺和肽偶联反应方面的最新进展。它总结了其在制备各种羧酸衍生物中的效用，包括酯，叠氮化物，异羟肟酸酯，硫代异羟肟酸酯，氨基甲酸酯，Weinreb酰胺等。此外，其在多种有机官能团转化中的作用（例如醛肟和酮肟转化为腈和酰胺，相应的羰基醇成烯烃的氧化和化合物，羧酸和酰胺成腈和异腈，还原的羧酸成醇，缩醛和醛的thioacetalization，转换转换ñ ^α-保护的氨基/肽酸变成硫代酸等）以及杂环化合物的合成。