Abstract

The present study deals with the preparation of silver (Ag) and iron (Fe) nanoparticles, extracted from AgNO₃ and FeSO₄·7H₂O solutions, respectively. For this, the aqueous extract of Erodium cicutarium was used. The Ag and Fe nanoparticles were characterized by several techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer, UV–visible, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FE-SEM images showed that the Ag and Fe particles had nearly spherical morphology with diameters less than 100 nm. Low amounts of impurity and different chemicals in the prepared nanoparticles were confirmed by EDX spectrometers. Furthermore, different functional groups in the nanoparticles were indicated using FTIR spectrum. Antibacterial activity of the Ag and Fe nanoparticles was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Two parameters such as the concentration of Ag and Fe nanoparticles (X₁) and pH (X₂) were modeled by the use of the response surface methodology (RSM). These experiments were carried out as a central composite design (CCD) consisting of 13 experiments. The results showed that the concentration of Ag and Fe nanoparticles had a better effect on antibacterial activity. Under optimal conditions—with concentrations of Ag and Fe nanoparticles at 399.53 and 397.38 (μg/mL) and pH values of 8.20 and 8.39, respectively—the bacterial growth inhibition halo was found to have the highest diameter.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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ro铱生物合成Ag和Fe纳米粒子2。使用响应面方法研究，优化和建模抗菌特性

摘要

本研究涉及分别从AgNO ₃和FeSO ₄ ·7H ₂ O溶液中提取的银（Ag）和铁（Fe）纳米粒子的制备。为此，西ro（Erodium cicutarium）的水提物被使用了。Ag和Fe纳米颗粒通过多种技术进行表征，例如X射线衍射（XRD），场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM），能量色散X射线（EDX）光谱仪，紫外可见光和傅立叶变换红外（ FTIR）光谱。FE-SEM图像显示，Ag和Fe颗粒具有几乎球形的形态，直径小于100nm。通过EDX光谱仪确认了所制备的纳米颗粒中杂质和不同化学物质的含量低。此外，使用FTIR光谱指示了纳米颗粒中的不同官能团。通过对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）评估了Ag和Fe纳米粒子的抗菌活性菌。通过使用响应表面方法（RSM）对两个参数（例如，Ag和Fe纳米粒子的浓度（X ₁）和pH（X ₂））进行建模。这些实验是由13个实验组成的中央复合设计（CCD）。结果表明，Ag和Fe纳米颗粒的浓度对抗菌活性有较好的影响。在最佳条件下（银和铁纳米颗粒的浓度分别为399.53和397.38（μg/ mL），pH值分别为8.20和8.39），发现细菌生长抑制晕的直径最大。

图形摘要