ABSTRACT

Individuals growing up in malaria endemic areas gradually develop protection against clinical malaria and passive transfer experiments in humans have demonstrated that this protection is mediated in part by protective antibodies. However, neither the target antigens, specific effector mechanisms, nor the role of continual parasite exposure have been elucidated, which complicates vaccine development. Progress has been made in defining the innate signaling pathways activated by parasite components, including DNA, RNA, hemozoin, and phospholipids, which initiate the immune response and will be the focus of this review. The challenge that remains within the field is to understand the role of these early responses in the development of protective adaptive responses that clear iRBC and block merozoite invasion so that optimal vaccines and therapeutics may be produced.

 抽象的

在疟疾流行地区长大的个体逐渐发展出针对临床疟疾的保护作用，人类被动转移实验表明，这种保护作用部分是由保护性抗体介导的。然而，目标抗原、特定效应机制和持续寄生虫暴露的作用均尚未阐明，这使得疫苗开发变得复杂。在定义由寄生虫成分激活的先天信号通路方面已经取得了进展，这些成分包括 DNA、RNA、疟原虫色素和磷脂，这些成分启动免疫反应，并将成为本次综述的重点。该领域仍然面临的挑战是了解这些早期反应在清除 iRBC 和阻止裂殖子入侵的保护性适应性反应的发展中的作用，从而可以生产出最佳的疫苗和治疗方法。