Outbursts and variations of brightness are well known manifestations of the physical activity of the comets. Most cometary outbursts are recorded not very far from the Sun, where sublimation of water ice plays a major role in the activity of this celestial bodies. However, comets sometimes show physical activity far from the Sun, where the rate of water ice sublimation is small. Also a special kind of small bodies, i.e. centaurs sometimes show strong physical activity far from the Sun. The paper is based on the idea that the nuclei of centaurs may contain numerous cavities that are filled with gas under pressure and debris of cometary material. Numerical simulations were carried out for realistically assumed values of a wide range of physical parameters of centaurs. The obtained results are consistent with the observations of the physical activity of these celestial bodies.

亮度的爆发和变化是众所周知的彗星物理活动的表现。大多数彗星爆发都是在距离太阳不远的地方记录的，水冰的升华在这些天体的活动中起着重要作用。然而，彗星有时会在远离太阳的地方表现出物理活动，那里的水冰升华率很小。还有一种特殊的小天体，即半人马座，有时在远离太阳的地方表现出强烈的物理活动。该论文基于这样的想法：半人马星的核可能包含许多空腔，这些空腔充满了加压气体和彗星材料的碎片。对半人马的各种物理参数的实际假设值进行了数值模拟。所得结果与这些天体物理活动的观测结果一致。