The influence of different parameters (solid–liquid ratio, initial pH, initial Cu concentration and anion type) on the cementation of aqueous copper (Cu) with nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has been studied. The work has been established to study both the influence such parameters have on the kinetics and efficacy of the cementation process but also the physicochemical composition of resultant Cu-bearing products. The nZVI exhibited high Cu removal capacity (maximum removal 905.2 mg/g) due to its high surface area. X-ray diffraction determined the most common Cu-bearing precipitates were Cu2O, CuCl2 and Cu2(OH)3Cl for solutions containing Cl− counterions (CuCl2 salt precursor), while Cu0 and Cu2O were the most common phases for those containing SO 4 2 − counterions (CuSO4 salt precursor). Transmission electron microscopy determined such precipitates were discrete nanoparticles of relatively high purity Cu (e.g. >80 wt% Cu or ≥99.9 wt% Cu and O). Overall the results demonstrate nZVI as effective for the one-pot transformation of aqueous Cu into a range of different high purity Cu-bearing nanoparticles. The methodology developed herein is therefore likely to have important application in the recovery of Cu from wastewater and process solutions where the direct upcycling to high-value Cu-bearing nanoparticles is an advantageous form in which to recover Cu.

中文翻译：

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使用纳米级零价铁颗粒从铜水溶液中可调地形成铜金属、氧化物、氯化物和羟基氯化物纳米颗粒

研究了不同参数（固液比、初始 pH 值、初始铜浓度和阴离子类型）对水性铜 (Cu) 与纳米级零价铁 (nZVI) 的置换的影响。开展这项工作是为了研究这些参数对胶结过程的动力学和功效的影响，以及所得含铜产品的物理化学成分。由于其高表面积，nZVI 表现出高铜去除能力（最大去除 905.2 mg/g）。X 射线衍射确定，对于含有 Cl− 反离子（CuCl2 盐前体）的溶液，最常见的含铜沉淀是 Cu2O、CuCl2 和 Cu2(OH)3Cl，而对于含有 SO 4 2 - 的溶液，Cu0 和 Cu2O 是最常见的相反离子（CuSO4 盐前体）。透射电子显微镜确定这些沉淀物是相对高纯度Cu（例如>80wt%Cu或≥99.9wt%Cu和O）的离散纳米颗粒。总体而言，结果表明 nZVI 对于将含水 Cu 一锅法转化为一系列不同的高纯度含 Cu 纳米颗粒是有效的。因此，本文开发的方法可能在从废水和工艺溶液中回收铜方面具有重要应用，其中直接升级循环到高价值含铜纳米颗粒是回收铜的有利形式。