The advancement in the materials manufacturing at micrometer and nanometer scales has already enabled numerous applications in electronics, optics, chemistry, biology and medicine. Biomedical devices carrying micro-/nanostructures are currently being widely used in drug delivery, drug release, biosensing and therapy. New clinical methods for disease diagnosis and treatments are being developed enabled by nanotechnology. One-dimensional (1D) structures are playing an important role in the direct drug delivery both in vivo and ex vivo among various micro-/nanostructures. Here, in this paper, we reviewed recent progresses made on next-generation intradermal and intracellular delivery strategies and applications with focus on 1D microstructure-based approaches.

中文翻译：

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一维微观结构辅助的皮内和细胞内递送

微米级和纳米级材料制造的进步已经实现了电子，光学，化学，生物学和医学领域的众多应用。带有微/纳米结构的生物医学设备目前被广泛用于药物输送，药物释放，生物传感和治疗。纳米技术正在开发用于疾病诊断和治疗的新临床方法。一维（1D）结构在各种微观/纳米结构之间的体内和离体直接药物输送中都发挥着重要作用。在本文中，我们回顾了基于一维微观结构的方法在下一代皮内和细胞内递送策略及其应用方面取得的最新进展。