Many infectious diseases have a zoonotic origin, and several have had major public health implications. Contact with animals is a known risk factor for zoonotic infections, although there are limited data on disease symptoms and pathogens associated with contact with different animal species. The rise in pig production in Southeast Asia has contributed to the emergence and re-emergence of zoonotic infections caused by contact with pigs and pig products. To compare the symptom and pathogen profiles of hospitalized patients with and without pig contact, we collected data on disease symptoms, infecting pathogens, and animal contact behaviour from patients attending six hospitals across Vietnam between 2012 and 2016. Patients who had previous contact with pigs were more likely to have enteric disease than respiratory or central nervous system infections and were more likely to grow Escherichia coli and Shigella from stool culture than those without pig contact. Patients with enteric infections who kept pigs were also more likely to have a disease of unknown origin. Public health initiatives that account for differences in animal contact behaviours and offer more comprehensive diagnostics in high-risk individuals are needed if emergence and re-emergence of zoonotic disease is to be monitored and prevented.

中文翻译：

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越南住院传染病患者的猪暴露和健康结果

许多传染病起源于人畜共患疾病，其中一些传染病具有重大的公共卫生影响。与动物接触是人畜共患感染的已知风险因素，尽管关于与不同动物物种接触相关的疾病症状和病原体的数据有限。东南亚生猪产量的增加导致与猪和猪产品接触引起的人畜共患病的出现和重新出现。为了比较有和没有猪接触的住院患者的症状和病原体概况，我们收集了 2012 年至 2016 年期间在越南六家医院就诊的患者的疾病症状、感染病原体和动物接触行为的数据。粪便培养的大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌高于未接触猪的。养猪的肠道感染患者也更有可能患上不明原因的疾病。如果要监测和预防人畜共患病的出现和再次出现，就需要采取公共卫生举措来解决动物接触行为的差异并为高危人群提供更全面的诊断。