After tumultuous revisions to the family-level systematics of Laniatores (the armored harvestmen), the basally branching family Phalangodidae presently bears a disjunct and irregular distribution, attributed to the fragmentation of Pangea. One of the curious lineages assigned to Phalangodidae is the monotypic Israeli genus Haasus, the only Laniatores species that occurs in Israel, and whose presence in the Levant has been inferred to result from biogeographic connectivity with Eurasia. Recent surveys of Israeli caves have also yielded a new troglobitic morphospecies of Haasus. Here, we describe this new species as Haasus naasane sp. nov. So as to test the biogeographic affinity of Haasus, we sequenced DNA from both species and RNA from Haasus naasane sp. nov., to assess their phylogenetic placement. Our results showed that the new species is clearly closely related to Haasus judaeus, but Haasus itself is unambiguously nested within the largely Afrotropical family Pyramidopidae. In addition, the Japanese ‘phalangodid’ Proscotolemon sauteri was recovered as nested within the Southeast Asian family Petrobunidae. Phylogenomic placement of Haasus naasane sp. nov. in a 1550-locus matrix indicates that Pyramidopidae has an unstable position in the tree of Laniatores, with alternative partitioning of the matrix recovering high nodal support for mutually exclusive tree topologies. Exploration of phylogenetic signal showed the cause of this instability to be a considerable conflict between partitions, suggesting that the basal phylogeny of Laniatores may not yet be stable to addition of taxa. We transfer Haasus to Pyramidopidae (new familial assignment). Additionally, we transfer Proscotolemon to the family Petrobunidae (new familial assignment). Future studies on basal Laniatores phylogeny should emphasise the investigation of small-bodied and obscure groups that superficially resemble Phalangodidae.

中文翻译：

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不稳定节点的解剖结构：黎凡特遗物导致装甲收割者的高级关系的系统发育分解（蛛形纲：Opiliones：Laniatores）

在对 Laniatores（装甲收割者）的家族级系统学进行了动荡的修订后，由于 Pangea 的分裂，基部分支的 Phalangodidae 科目前具有分离和不规则的分布。分配给 Phalangodidae 的奇怪谱系之一是单型的以色列 Haasus 属，这是以色列唯一出现的 Laniatores 物种，据推测，其在黎凡特的存在是由于与欧亚大陆的生物地理连通性造成的。最近对以色列洞穴的调查也产生了一种新的哈苏斯巨球形态种。在这里，我们将这个新物种描述为 Haasus naasane sp。十一月 为了测试 Haasus 的生物地理学亲和力，我们对来自物种的 DNA 和来自 Haasus naasane sp. 的 RNA 进行了测序。11月，评估它们的系统发育位置。我们的研究结果表明，这个新物种显然与 Haasus judaeus 密切相关，但 Haasus 本身明确嵌套在主要是非洲热带的 Pyramidopidae 家族中。此外，日本的“phalangodid”Proscotolemon sauteri 被发现在东南亚科Petrobunidae 中嵌套。Haasus naasane sp. 的系统发育位置。十一月 在 1550 位点矩阵中表明 Pyramidopidae 在 Laniatores 树中的位置不稳定，矩阵的替代分区恢复了对互斥树拓扑的高节点支持。系统发育信号的探索表明，这种不稳定的原因是分区之间的相当大的冲突，这表明拉尼托雷斯的基础系统发育可能对添加分类群还不稳定。我们将 Haasus 转移到 Pyramidopidae（新的家族分配）。此外，我们将 Proscotolemon 转移到 Petrobunidae 家族（新的家族分配）。未来对基础拉尼托雷斯系统发育的研究应该强调对表面上类似于长矛科的小型和模糊群体的调查。