Physical activity and exercise beneficially link to brain properties and cognitive functions in older adults, but the findings concerning adolescents remain tentative. During adolescence, the brain undergoes significant changes, which are especially pronounced in white matter. Studies provide contradictory evidence regarding the influence of physical activity or aerobic-exercise on executive functions in youth. Little is also known about the link between both fitness and physical activity with the brain’s white matter during puberty. We investigated the connection between aerobic fitness and physical activity with the white matter in 59 adolescents. We further determined whether white matter interacts with the connection of fitness or physical activity with core executive functions. Our results show that only the level of aerobic fitness, but not of physical activity relates to white matter. Furthermore, the white matter of the corpus callosum and the right superior corona radiata moderates the links of aerobic fitness and physical activity with working memory. Our results suggest that aerobic fitness and physical activity have an unequal contribution to the white matter properties in adolescents. We propose that the differences in white matter properties could underlie the variations in the relationship between either physical activity or aerobic fitness with working memory.

身体活动和锻炼与老年人的大脑特性和认知功能有益地联系在一起，但是有关青少年的发现仍然是暂时的。在青春期，大脑会发生显着变化，在白质中尤其明显。研究提供了有关体育锻炼或有氧运动对青少年执行功能影响的矛盾证据。青春期期间，身体活动与大脑白质之间的联系也知之甚少。我们调查了59名青少年有氧健身和体育锻炼与白质之间的联系。我们进一步确定了白质是否与具有核心执行功能的健身或体育活动之间的相互作用。我们的结果表明，只有有氧健身水平，但体育活动与白质无关。此外，call体的白质和右上方的电晕辐射减轻了有氧健身和体育锻炼与工作记忆之间的联系。我们的结果表明，有氧健身和体育锻炼对青少年的白质特性有不平等的贡献。我们认为，白质特性的差异可能是体育锻炼或有氧健身与工作记忆之间关系变化的基础。我们的结果表明，有氧健身和体育锻炼对青少年的白质特性有不平等的贡献。我们认为，白质特性的差异可能是体育活动或有氧健身与工作记忆之间关系变化的基础。我们的结果表明，有氧健身和体育锻炼对青少年的白质特性有不平等的贡献。我们认为，白质特性的差异可能是身体活动或有氧健身与工作记忆之间关系变化的基础。