PURPOSE This study aimed to compare radiofrequency (RF) ablation with cryoablation in patients with perivascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and evaluate the mid-term outcomes of both therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 2015 and April 2018, 111 patients who underwent percutaneous cryoablation (n = 61) or RF ablation (n = 50) for a single perivascular HCC were included. Perivascular HCC was defined as the presence of contacting peritumoral hepatic vessels that were 3 mm or larger in axial diameter. Local tumor progression (LTP) rates were compared by propensity score matching. Procedure-related complications were also assessed. RESULTS The median follow-up was 23 months (range 2-45 months). Twenty-five patients were matched in each group. The cumulative LTP rates at 1 and 3 years were 8.3% and 17.3% in the cryoablation group and 8.7% and 26.1% in the RF ablation group, with no significant difference (p = 0.379). Although there were no significant differences between the two groups, vascular thrombosis (16.0% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.493) and hepatic infarction (12.0% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.137) more frequently occurred in the RF ablation group than in the cryoablation group. CONCLUSION In patients with perivascular HCC, cryoablation is an effective alternative treatment compared with RF ablation regarding local tumor control and complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4 (retrospective case-control study).

中文翻译：

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射频消融与冷冻消融对小血管周围肝细胞癌的中期结果倾向评分分析。

目的本研究旨在比较血管周围肝细胞癌（HCC）患者的射频消融与冷冻消融，并评估两种疗法的中期结局。材料与方法在2015年1月至2018年4月之间，纳入了111例因单个血管周围HCC接受经皮冷冻消融（n = 61）或RF消融（n = 50）的患者。血管周围HCC定义为接触的直径为3 mm或更大的肿瘤周围肝血管的存在。通过倾向评分匹配比较局部肿瘤进展（LTP）率。还评估了与手术相关的并发症。结果中位随访时间为23个月（2-45个月）。每组有25名患者匹配。冷冻消融组在1年和3年时的累积LTP率分别为8.3％和17.3％，而8年则为8。射频消融组分别为7％和26.1％，差异无统计学意义（p = 0.379）。尽管两组之间无显着差异，但射频消融组发生血管血栓形成（16.0％vs. 9.8％，p = 0.493）和肝梗塞（12.0％vs. 3.3％，p = 0.137）的频率更高。冷冻消融组。结论在血管周围HCC患者中，就局部肿瘤控制和并发症而言，与射频消融相比，冷冻消融是一种有效的替代疗法。证据级别4级（回顾性病例对照研究）。137）与射频消融组相比，射频消融组发生的频率更高。结论在血管周围HCC患者中，就局部肿瘤控制和并发症而言，与射频消融相比，冷冻消融是一种有效的替代疗法。证据级别4级（回顾性病例对照研究）。137）与射频消融组相比，射频消融组发生的频率更高。结论在血管周围HCC患者中，就局部肿瘤控制和并发症而言，与射频消融相比，冷冻消融是一种有效的替代疗法。证据级别4级（回顾性病例对照研究）。