The changing opioid crisis: development, challenges and opportunities.,Molecular Psychiatry

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The changing opioid crisis: development, challenges and opportunities.
Molecular Psychiatry ( IF 9.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-04 , DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0661-4
Nora D Volkow ₁ , Carlos Blanco ₁

Affiliation

The current opioid epidemic is one of the most severe public health crisis in US history. Responding to it has been difficult due to its rapidly changing nature and the severity of its associated outcomes. This review examines the origin and evolution of the crisis, the pharmacological properties of opioids, the neurobiology of opioid use and opioid use disorder (OUD), medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), and existing and promising approaches to prevention. The results of the review indicate that the opioid epidemic is a complex, evolving phenomenon that involves neurobiological vulnerabilities and social determinants of health. Successfully addressing the epidemic will require advances in basic science, development of more acceptable and effective treatments, and implementation of public health approaches, including prevention. The advances achieved in addressing the current crisis should also serve to advance the science and treatment of other substance use disorders.

中文翻译：

不断变化的阿片类药物危机：发展，挑战和机遇。

当前的阿片类药物流行是美国历史上最严重的公共卫生危机之一。由于其快速变化的性质及其相关结果的严重性，对此做出响应非常困难。这篇综述检查了危机的起源和演变，阿片类药物的药理特性，阿片类药物使用和阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）的神经生物学，阿片类药物使用障碍（MOUD）的药物以及现有的和有希望的预防方法。审查结果表明，阿片类药物流行是一个复杂的，不断发展的现象，涉及神经生物学的脆弱性和健康的社会决定因素。成功应对这一流行病将需要基础科学方面的进步，开发更可接受和有效的治疗方法以及实施包括预防在内的公共卫生方法。

更新日期：2020-02-04

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