This study was focused on dual effects of 20 wt % hydrochloric acid etching treatment on cell responses and mechanical properties of a porous titanium with controllable open‐porous structure. The results show that the acid etching induced the formation of a rough surface on the porous titanium, resulting in a remarkable improvement of the MG‐63 osteoblasts adhesion and proliferation on the porous titanium. The surface roughness is found to be mainly dependent on the etching time. As increasing etching time, the surface roughness exhibited a noticeable rise. After etching for 90 min, the best cell response was achieved on the rough surface with a roughness value of 3.7 mm. However, the acid etching treatment displayed a negative effect on the porous titanium strength, and the yield strength was reduced down to 106 MPa as the etching time increased to 150 min. Taking both the cell responses and strength into account, an optimal etching time was determined as 60 min by experiments.

中文翻译：

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酸蚀对具有可控开孔结构的多孔钛的细胞响应和力学性能的双重影响。

本研究的重点是 20 wt% 盐酸蚀刻处理对具有可控开孔结构的多孔钛的电池响应和机械性能的双重影响。结果表明，酸蚀诱导多孔钛表面形成粗糙表面，显着提高了MG-63成骨细胞在多孔钛上的粘附和增殖。发现表面粗糙度主要取决于蚀刻时间。随着蚀刻时间的增加，表面粗糙度表现出明显的上升。蚀刻 90 分钟后，在粗糙度值为 3.7 毫米的粗糙表面上实现了最佳电池响应。然而，酸蚀处理对多孔钛强度有负面影响，随着蚀刻时间增加到 150 分钟，屈服强度降低到 106 MPa。考虑到细胞反应和强度，通过实验确定最佳蚀刻时间为 60 分钟。