Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) techniques have been increasingly adopted for the production of highly personalized and customized lightweight structures and bio-medical implants. L-PBF can be used with a multiplicity of materials including several grades of titanium. Due to its biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and low density-to-strength ratio, Ti–6Al–4V is one of the most widely used titanium alloys to be processed via L-PBF for the production of orthopedic implants and lightweight structures.

Mechanical properties of L-PBF Ti–6Al–4V lattice structures have mostly been studied in uniaxial compression and lately, also in tension. However, in real-life applications, orthopedic implants or lightweight structures in general are subjected to more complex stress conditions and the load directions can be different from the principal axes of the unit cell.

In this research, the mechanical behavior of Ti–6Al–4V diamond based lattice structures produced by L-PBF is investigated exploring the energy absorption and failure modes of these metamaterials when the loading directions are different from the principal axis of the unit cell. Moreover, the impact of a heat treatment (i.e. hot isostatic pressing) on the mechanical properties of the aforementioned lattice structures has been evaluated. Results indicate that the mechanical response of the lattice structures is significantly influenced by the direction of the applied load with respect to the unit cell reference system revealing the anisotropic behavior of the diamond unit cell.

激光粉末床融合（L-PBF）技术已被越来越多地用于生产高度个性化和定制的轻量化结构和生物医学植入物。L-PBF可与多种材料一起使用，包括几种等级的钛。由于其生物相容性，耐腐蚀性和低的密度/强度比，Ti-6Al-4V是使用L-PBF加工以生产整形外科植入物和轻型结构的最广泛使用的钛合金之一。

L-PBF Ti–6Al–4V晶格结构的机械性能主要在单轴压缩中研究，最近在拉伸中也进行了研究。但是，在现实生活中，整形外科植入物或轻型结构通常要承受更复杂的应力条件，并且载荷方向可能不同于晶胞的主轴。

在这项研究中，研究了L-PBF产生的Ti-6Al-4V金刚石基晶格结构的力学行为，以探索当载荷方向不同于晶胞主轴时这些超材料的能量吸收和破坏模式。此外，已经评估了热处理（即热等静压）对上述晶格结构的机械性能的影响。结果表明，相对于晶胞参考系统，所施加载荷的方向显着影响了晶格结构的机械响应，揭示了金刚石晶胞的各向异性行为。