This paper analyses the influence of geographic distance on knowledge flows, measured through citations to scientific publications. Previous works using the same approach are limited to single disciplines. In this study, we analyse the Italian scientific production in all disciplines matured in the period 2010-2012. To calculate the geographic distances between citing and cited publications, each one is associated with a "prevalent" territory on the basis of the authors' affiliations. The results of the application of a gravity model, estimated using ordinary least squares regression, show that despite the spread of IT, geographic distance continues to be an influential factor in the process of knowledge flows between territories. In particular, the analysis reveals that the effect of geographic distance on knowledge flows is significant at the national level, not negligible at the continental level, but completely irrelevant at the intercontinental level.

中文翻译：

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地理邻近在知识传播中的作用，通过对科学文献的引用来衡量

本文分析了地理距离对知识流的影响，通过对科学出版物的引用来衡量。以前使用相同方法的作品仅限于单个学科。在这项研究中，我们分析了 2010-2012 年期间成熟的所有学科的意大利科学成果。为了计算被引出版物和被引出版物之间的地理距离，每个出版物都根据作者的隶属关系与一个“流行”地区相关联。使用普通最小二乘回归估计的重力模型的应用结果表明，尽管信息技术在传播，但地理距离仍然是领土之间知识流动过程中的一个影响因素。特别是，