Abstract

Life expectancy is most commonly measured for a period (corresponding to mortality within a given year) or for a specific birth cohort. Although widely used, period and cohort life expectancy have limitations as their time-trends often show disparities and can mask the historical mortality experience of all cohorts present at a given time. The truncated cross-sectional average length of life, or TCAL, is a period measure including all available cohort mortality information, irrespective of whether all cohort members have died. It is particularly useful for comparing cohort mortality between populations. This study extends TCAL by disentangling causes of death contributions. The strength of the approach is that it allows identification of mortality differences in cohorts with members still alive, as well as identification of which ages and causes of death contribute to mortality differentials between populations. Application of the method to Japan shows that over the period 1950–2014 a major contributor to TCAL differences with other high-longevity countries was its lower cardiovascular disease mortality.

中文翻译：

---

死亡原因分解的队列生存比较。

摘要

预期寿命通常是针对一个时期（对应于给定年份内的死亡率）或特定的出生队列来衡量的。尽管预期寿命和队列寿命得到了广泛使用，但它们的时间趋势往往显示出差异，并且可以掩盖在给定时间出现的所有队列的历史死亡率经验，因此预期寿命和队列寿命存在局限性。截短的平均横截面生命长度（TCAL）是一项包括所有可用队列死亡率信息的时间量度，无论所有队列成员是否都已死亡。这对于比较人群之间的队列死亡率特别有用。这项研究通过消除死亡原因来扩展TCAL。该方法的优势在于，它可以识别尚在世的成员中的同龄人的死亡率差异，以及确定哪些年龄和死亡原因导致了人口之间的死亡率差异。该方法在日本的应用表明，在1950-2014年期间，TCAL与其他长寿国家的TCAL差异的主要原因是其心血管疾病死亡率较低。