Significant weight gain occurs in women during young adulthood, which increases risk of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and many cancers. This review aims to inform future individually targeted weight gain prevention programmes and summarizes possible targets: key life events, mediators that influence energy intake and physical activity levels, and moderators that could identify groups of women at greatest risk. Life events affecting weight include pregnancy and motherhood, smoking cessation, marriage and cohabiting, attending university, and possibly bereavement. Research has identified successful methods for preventing weight gain associated with pregnancy and motherhood, which could now be used in practice, but evidence is inconclusive for preventing weight gain around other life events. Weight gain is mediated by lack of knowledge and skills around food and nutrition, depression, anxiety, stress, satiety, neural responses, and possibly sleep patterns and premenstrual cravings. A paucity of research exists into altering these to limit weight gain. Moderators include socioeconomic status, genetics, personality traits, and eating styles. More research is required to identify at‐risk females and engage them in weight gain prevention. There is a need to address evidence gaps highlighted and implement what is currently known to develop effective strategies to limit weight gain in young women.

中文翻译：

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年轻女性为何体重增加：对影响因素和可能解决方案的叙述性回顾。

女性成年后体重增加明显，这增加了患糖尿病，心血管疾病和许多癌症等疾病的风险。这篇综述旨在为将来针对个人的体重增加预防计划提供信息，并概述了可能的目标：重要的生活事件，影响能量摄入和身体活动水平的调节剂以及可以确定风险最大的女性群体的主持人。影响体重的生活事件包括怀孕和孕产，戒烟，结婚和同居，上大学以及可能丧亲。研究已经确定了成功的预防妊娠和母亲体重增加的方法，这些方法现在可以在实践中使用，但是在其他生活事件周围防止体重增加的证据尚无定论。体重增加是由于缺乏对食物和营养，抑郁，焦虑，压力，饱腹感，神经反应以及可能的睡眠方式和经前渴望的知识和技能所介导的。改变这些物质以限制体重增加的研究很少。主持人包括社会经济地位，遗传学，人格特质和饮食风格。需要更多的研究来识别高危女性，并让他们参与体重增加的预防。有必要解决突出的证据空白，并采用目前已知的方法来开发有效的策略来限制年轻女性的体重增加。主持人包括社会经济地位，遗传学，人格特质和饮食风格。需要更多的研究来识别高危女性，并让他们参与体重增加的预防。有必要解决突出的证据空白，并采用目前已知的方法来开发有效的策略来限制年轻女性的体重增加。主持人包括社会经济地位，遗传学，人格特质和饮食风格。需要更多的研究来识别高危女性，并让他们参与体重增加的预防。有必要解决突出的证据空白，并采用目前已知的方法来开发有效的策略来限制年轻女性的体重增加。