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Lamin C Counteracts Glucose Intolerance in Aging, Obesity and Diabetes Through β-Cell Adaptation
Diabetes ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-31 , DOI: 10.2337/db19-0377
Marion de Toledo 1 , Isabel C Lopez-Mejia 2 , Patricia Cavelier 3 , Marine Pratlong 4 , Célia Barrachina 4 , Xavier Gromada 5 , Jean-Sébastien Annicotte 5 , Jamal Tazi 1 , Carine Chavey 1
Affiliation  

Aging-dependent changes in tissue function are associated with the development of metabolic diseases. However, the molecular connections linking aging, obesity, and diabetes remain unclear. Lamin A, lamin C, and progerin, products of the Lmna gene, have antagonistic functions on energy metabolism and life span. Lamin C, albeit promoting obesity, increases life span, suggesting that this isoform is crucial for maintaining healthy conditions under metabolic stresses. Because β-cell loss during obesity or aging leads to diabetes, we investigated the contribution of lamin C to β-cell function in physiopathological conditions. We demonstrate that aged lamin C only–expressing mice (LmnaLCS/LCS) become obese but remain glucose tolerant due to adaptive mechanisms including increased β-cell mass and insulin secretion. Triggering diabetes in young mice revealed that LmnaLCS/LCS animals normalize their fasting glycemia by both increasing insulin secretion and regenerating β-cells. Genome-wide analyses combined to functional analyses revealed an increase of mitochondrial biogenesis and global translational rate in LmnaLCS/LCS islets, two major processes involved in insulin secretion. Altogether, our results demonstrate for the first time that the sole expression of lamin C protects from glucose intolerance through a β-cell–adaptive transcriptional program during metabolic stresses, highlighting Lmna gene processing as a new therapeutic target for diabetes treatment.

中文翻译:

Lamin C 通过 β 细胞适应对抗衰老、肥胖和糖尿病患者的葡萄糖不耐受

组织功能的衰老依赖性变化与代谢疾病的发展有关。然而,衰老、肥胖和糖尿病之间的分子联系仍不清楚。Lamin A、lamin C 和 progerin(Lmna 基因的产物)对能量代谢和寿命具有拮抗作用。Lamin C 尽管会促进肥胖,但会延长寿命,这表明这种同工型对于在代谢压力下维持健康状况至关重要。由于肥胖或衰老期间 β 细胞损失会导致糖尿病,因此我们研究了 lamin C 在病理生理条件下对 β 细胞功能的贡献。我们证明仅表达 lamin C 的老年小鼠(LmnaLCS/LCS)变得肥胖但由于适应性机制包括增加的 β 细胞质量和胰岛素分泌而保持葡萄糖耐受性。在年轻小鼠中引发糖尿病表明,LmnaLCS/LCS 动物通过增加胰岛素分泌和再生 β 细胞使空腹血糖正常化。全基因组分析与功能分析相结合,揭示了 LmnaLCS/LCS 胰岛中线粒体生物发生和全局转化率的增加,这是胰岛素分泌的两个主要过程。总而言之,我们的结果首次证明,在代谢应激期间,核纤层蛋白 C 的唯一表达可通过 β 细胞适应性转录程序防止葡萄糖耐受不良,突出了 Lmna 基因加工作为糖尿病治疗的新治疗靶点。全基因组分析与功能分析相结合,揭示了 LmnaLCS/LCS 胰岛中线粒体生物发生和全局转化率的增加,这是胰岛素分泌的两个主要过程。总而言之,我们的结果首次证明,在代谢应激期间,核纤层蛋白 C 的唯一表达可通过 β 细胞适应性转录程序防止葡萄糖耐受不良,突出了 Lmna 基因加工作为糖尿病治疗的新治疗靶点。全基因组分析与功能分析相结合,揭示了 LmnaLCS/LCS 胰岛中线粒体生物发生和全局转化率的增加,这是胰岛素分泌的两个主要过程。总而言之,我们的结果首次证明,在代谢应激期间,核纤层蛋白 C 的唯一表达可通过 β 细胞适应性转录程序防止葡萄糖耐受不良,突出了 Lmna 基因加工作为糖尿病治疗的新治疗靶点。
更新日期:2020-01-31
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