Biomedical scaffolds should provide physical, biological, and topographical cues to seeded or laden cells to successfully mimic the physiochemical properties of native tissues. Cell-laden scaffolds, in particular, can efficiently deliver various cells safely to the defected region. However, the fabrication of a functional cell-laden structure with a topographical cue has been an overcoming issue. In this study, we used a GelMa-based hydrogel, which is used as a bioink in various cell-embedding systems, to fabricate a functional bioink to easily and efficiently induce topographical cue by wall shear stress within an extruding nozzle of the 3D printing system. The functional bioink was obtained by pre-culturing the cell-laden bioink. The pre-culturing periods were optimized to develop an anisotropic morphological shaped cell/cytoskeleton, which is more sensitive to the external shear stress in comparison to the spherical morphological shaped laden cells. In vitro cellular activities with C2C12 myoblasts showed that the pre-cultured cell-laden GelMa bioink with non-spherical morphological shaped cell/cytoskeleton was fully aligned to the printing direction and showed outstanding results for the myotube alignment and maturation, as compared to the general cell-laden bioink. To show the feasibility of the method, we used a ColMa (methacrylated collagen)-based bioink and successfully obtained fully aligned myotubes in the cell-laden ColMa-structure. Furthermore, hASCs (human adipose stem cells) and hMPCs (muscle precursor cells) were applied in this method, and the cells were fully aligned in a printing direction. The in vitro results suggest that the new method has great potential for attaining aligned tissue structures, providing a unique topographical cue to the laden cells.

生物医学支架应为种子或载有细胞的细胞提供物理，生物学和地形学线索，以成功模拟天然组织的理化特性。尤其是，充满细胞的支架可以有效地将各种细胞安全地递送至缺损区域。然而，具有地形学提示的功能性充满细胞的结构的制造一直是一个需要克服的问题。在这项研究中，我们使用了基于GelMa的水凝胶（在各种细胞嵌入系统中用作生物墨水）来制造功能性生物墨水，以通过3D打印系统的挤出喷嘴内的壁切应力轻松高效地诱导形貌线索。 。通过预培养载有细胞的生物墨水获得功能性生物墨水。优化了预培养时间，以开发出各向异性的形态学形状的细胞/细胞骨架，C2C12成肌细胞的体外细胞活性表明，预培养的带有非球形形态细胞/细胞骨架的载有细胞的GelMa生物墨水与印刷方向完全对齐，并且与常规方法相比，在肌管对齐和成熟方面显示了出色的结果充满细胞的生物墨水。为了显示该方法的可行性，我们使用了基于ColMa（甲基丙烯酸胶原）的生物墨水，并成功地在充满细胞的ColMa结构中获得了完全对齐的肌管。此外，在该方法中应用了hASCs（人类脂肪干细胞）和hMPCs（肌肉前体细胞），并且这些细胞在打印方向上完全对齐。在体外 结果表明，该新方法具有获得对齐的组织结构的巨大潜力，为负载的细胞提供了独特的地形提示。