Hydrogen gas has been regarded as an ideal energy source that could replace the need of fossil fuels, based on its high energy density with zero carbon emissions. The production of hydrogen via electrolysis of water is not a new field, but the technology has seen significant advancements in recent times, owing to the proportional growing demand of clean and affordable energy. This review discusses the most recent progresses achieved in the area of earth abundant catalysis, particularly, non‐precious metal (Ni, Co, Fe, Mo, W)‐based catalysts that are being utilized for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline solutions. Based on the type of materials, the discussions are categorized into sections attributed to transition metal alloys, hydroxides, oxides, chalcogenides, carbides and nitrogenous materials. In general, a brief introduction of HER and OER mechanisms followed by a detailed discussion of the presently considered catalysts with endeavors have been made to highlight the new technologies and alternative approaches that are being considered promising towards production of clean H₂ energy. Finally, a prospective has been provided to accentuate the future of non‐noble metal based catalyst in electro‐catalytic water splitting reactions.

中文翻译：

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碱性水电解用非贵金属电极的最新进展

氢气因其高能量密度和零碳排放而被视为理想的能源，可替代化石燃料的需求。通过电解水生产氢并不是一个新的领域，但是由于对清洁和可负担能源的需求成比例增长，该技术近来取得了重大进展。这篇综述讨论了在地球丰富的催化领域中取得的最新进展，特别是非贵金属（Ni，Co，Fe，Mo，W）基催化剂已用于电化学放氢反应（HER）和碱性溶液中的氧释放反应（OER）。根据材料的类型，将讨论分为以下几部分：过渡金属合金，氢氧化物，氧化物，硫属元素化物，碳化物和含氮材料。总的来说，对HER和OER机制进行了简要介绍，然后对目前考虑的催化剂进行了详细讨论，并着力于突出强调被认为有望生产清洁H的新技术和替代方法。₂能量。最后，在电催化水分解反应中提供了一种前景广阔的前景，以强调非贵金属基催化剂的未来。