In this review, we discuss the role of adipokines in the onset of puberty in children with obesity during adrenarche and gonadarche and provide a clear and detailed overview of the biological processes of two major players, leptin and adiponectin. Adipokines, especially leptin and adiponectin, seem to induce an early onset of puberty in girls and boys with obesity by affecting the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis. Moreover, adipokines and their receptors are expressed in the gonads, suggesting a role in sexual maturation and reproduction. All in all, adipokines may be a clue in understanding mechanisms underlying the onset of puberty in childhood obesity and puberty onset variability.

中文翻译：

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脂肪因子：青春期的变速。

在这篇综述中，我们讨论了脂肪因子在肾上腺初现和性腺初现期间肥胖儿童青春期开始中的作用，并对瘦素和脂联素这两个主要参与者的生物过程提供了清晰而详细的概述。脂肪因子，尤其是瘦素和脂联素，似乎通过影响下丘脑-垂体-性腺 (HPG) 轴来诱导肥胖女孩和男孩青春期提前。此外，脂肪因子及其受体在性腺中表达，表明其在性成熟和生殖中发挥作用。总而言之，脂肪因子可能是理解儿童肥胖青春期开始和青春期开始变异的潜在机制的线索。