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Unilateral parietal brain injury increases risk-taking on a rat gambling task.
Experimental Neurology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113217
Jenny E Ozga-Hess 1 , Cory Whirtley 1 , Christopher O'Hearn 1 , Kristen Pechacek 1 , Cole Vonder Haar 2
Affiliation  

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions of individuals every year. Many of these injuries lead to lasting effects, particularly impairments in domains broadly classified as executive functions, such as impulse control and decision-making. While these impairments have been historically associated with frontal brain damage, other injuries such as concussion or parietal injury also contribute to similar dysfunction. However, it is unknown whether animal models of TBI would replicate these broad effects that are observed in human patients. In the current study, we delivered a unilateral parietal controlled cortical impact injury and assessed the performance of rats on a motoric task (rotarod) and a test of decision-making and impulsivity (rodent gambling task). TBI rats demonstrated significant motor impairments on the rotarod task; however, this did not extend to difficulties inhibiting motor actions (impulsivity). In addition, TBI caused chronic alterations to risk-based decision-making, extending out to 12 weeks post-injury. Specifically, rats with TBI preferred the riskiest, and most suboptimal option over all others. The current data suggest that models of unilateral TBI are sufficient for replicating some aspects of executive dysfunction (risky decision-making), while others are limited to frontal damage (impulsivity). These models may be used to develop therapeutics targeted at the chronic post-injury period when these symptoms often manifest in patients, a critically understudied area in preclinical TBI research.

中文翻译:

单侧顶叶脑损伤增加了老鼠赌博任务的风险。

创伤性脑损伤(TBI)每年影响数百万人。这些伤害中的许多伤害会导致持久影响,尤其是在广泛归类为执行功能的领域中的损害,例如冲动控制和决策。尽管这些损伤在历史上一直与额叶脑部损伤相关,但其他损伤(例如脑震荡或顶叶损伤)也导致了类似的功能障碍。但是,尚不清楚TBI的动物模型是否会复制在人类患者中观察到的广泛影响。在当前的研究中,我们进行了单侧顶叶控制的皮层撞击损伤,并评估了大鼠在执行机动任务(罗塔罗德)和进行决策和冲动性测试(啮齿类动物赌博任务)方面的表现。TBI大鼠在轮转任务上表现出明显的运动障碍;然而,这并没有扩展到抑制运动(冲动)的困难。此外,TBI导致基于风险的决策的长期改变,延长至受伤后12周。特别是,患有TBI的大鼠比其他所有大鼠更喜欢风险最高,最不理想的选择。当前数据表明,单侧TBI模型足以复制执行功能障碍的某些方面(风险决策),而其他方面则限于额叶损害(冲动)。当这些症状经常在患者中出现时,这些模型可用于开发针对慢性损伤后时期的疗法,这是临床前TBI研究中一个被严重研究的领域。延长至受伤后12周。特别是,患有TBI的大鼠比其他所有大鼠更喜欢风险最高,最不理想的选择。当前数据表明,单侧TBI模型足以复制执行功能障碍的某些方面(风险决策),而其他方面则限于额叶损害(冲动)。当这些症状经常在患者中出现时,这些模型可用于开发针对慢性损伤后时期的疗法,这是临床前TBI研究中一个被严重研究的领域。延长至受伤后12周。特别是,患有TBI的大鼠比其他所有大鼠更喜欢风险最高,最不理想的选择。当前数据表明,单侧TBI模型足以复制执行功能障碍的某些方面(风险决策),而其他方面则限于额叶损害(冲动)。当这些症状经常在患者中出现时,这些模型可用于开发针对慢性损伤后时期的疗法,这是临床前TBI研究中一个被严重研究的领域。而其他则仅限于正面伤害(冲动)。当这些症状经常在患者中出现时,这些模型可用于开发针对慢性损伤后时期的疗法,这是临床前TBI研究中一个被严重研究的领域。而其他则仅限于正面伤害(冲动)。当这些症状经常在患者中出现时,这些模型可用于开发针对慢性损伤后时期的疗法,这是临床前TBI研究中一个被严重研究的领域。
更新日期:2020-01-31
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