Molecular processes of neuronal learning have been well described. However, learning mechanisms of non-neuronal cells are not yet fully understood at the molecular level. Here, we discuss molecular mechanisms of cellular learning, including conformational memory of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and prions, signaling cascades, protein translocation, RNAs [miRNA and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)], and chromatin memory. We hypothesize that these processes constitute the learning of signaling networks and correspond to a generalized Hebbian learning process of single, non-neuronal cells, and we discuss how cellular learning may open novel directions in drug design and inspire new artificial intelligence methods.

中文翻译：

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信号网络的学习：分子机制。

已经很好地描述了神经元学习的分子过程。然而，非神经元细胞的学习机制尚未在分子水平上被完全理解。在这里，我们讨论细胞学习的分子机制，包括内在无序蛋白（IDP）和病毒的构象记忆，信号级联，蛋白质易位，RNA [miRNA和长非编码RNA（lncRNA）]和染色质记忆。我们假设这些过程构成了信号网络的学习，并且与单个非神经细胞的广义Hebbian学习过程相对应，并且我们讨论了细胞学习如何为药物设计打开新的方向并激发新的人工智能方法。