The distinction between episodic and semantic memory, proposed by Endel Tulving in 1972, remains a key concept in contemporary Cognitive Neuroscience. Here we review how this distinction evolved in Tulving's writings over the years. Crucially, from 1972 onward, he argued that the two forms of memory were inter-dependent and that their interaction was an essential feature of normal episodic memory function. Moreover, later elaborations of the theory clearly proposed that these interactions formed the basis of normal declarative memory functioning. A later but crucial aspect of Tulving's contribution was his stress on the importance of subjective experience, which, according to him, "should be the ultimate object of interest, the central aspect of remembering that is to be explained and understood". We relate these and his numerous other ideas to current perspectives about the organization and function of human memory.

中文翻译：

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关于恩德尔·图尔文的情节-语义区别的历史观点。

恩德尔·图尔文（Endel Tulving）在1972年提出的情节记忆与语义记忆之间的区别，仍然是当代认知神经科学的一个关键概念。在这里，我们回顾了多年来在图尔文的著作中这种区别是如何演变的。至关重要的是，从1972年开始，他认为这两种记忆形式是相互依存的，它们的相互作用是正常情节记忆功能的基本特征。此外，该理论的后来阐述清楚地表明，这些相互作用构成了正常的声明性记忆功能的基础。塔尔文所作贡献的一个后来但至关重要的方面是他强调主观经验的重要性，据他说，主观经验“应成为最终的兴趣对象，而记忆的中心方面应加以解释和理解”。