For aquaculture to continue along its current growth trajectory and contribute towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, value chains must become more inclusive. Smallholders and other local value chain actors are often constrained by circumstances and market failures in the global aquaculture industry. Integrating these actors into aquaculture value chains through inclusive business models (IBMs) is often touted as a solution to sustainable and ethical trade and business that can generate development outcomes. We reviewed 36 papers under seven business models commonly used in agriculture development to assess their application in aquaculture value chains in lower‐income countries. A global value chain (GVC) analysis is used to unpack the economic and social upgrading objectives of the different IBMs, as well as the types of relational coordination used between actors in the chain to achieve development outcomes. The extent to which these IBMs helped poor actors overcome certain barriers is evaluated with a focus on how they may ensure or be a risk to inclusiveness through the relations and upgrading opportunities evident in their make‐up. The analysis found that the majority of the models focused on economic upgrading over social upgrading. Providing opportunities for the latter is key to achieving the inclusive objectives of IBMs. Greater horizontal coordination between actors can create further opportunities for economic upgrading established under vertical coordination with other nodes upstream and downstream in a value chain. There is a need to further contextualize these models to aquaculture systems and develop clear indicators of inclusiveness.

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包容性商业模式及其在水产养殖发展中的应用综述

为了使水产养殖继续沿着其当前的增长轨迹并为实现可持续发展目标做出贡献，价值链必须变得更具包容性。在全球水产养殖业中，小农户和其他地方价值链参与者经常受到环境和市场失灵的制约。通过包容性商业模式（IBM）将这些参与者整合到水产养殖价值链中通常被吹捧为可产生发展成果的可持续和合乎道德的贸易与商业的解决方案。我们根据农业发展中常用的七个商业模式对36篇论文进行了评估，以评估它们在低收入国家水产养殖价值链中的应用。全球价值链（GVC）分析用于分析不同IBM的经济和社会升级目标，以及链中各参与者之间用于实现发展成果的关系协调的类型。评估这些IBM在多大程度上帮助穷人克服了某些障碍，重点在于他们如何确保或可能通过亲密关系实现包容性，并在其构成中明显提升机会。分析发现，大多数模型侧重于经济升级而不是社会升级。为后者提供机会是实现IBM包容性目标的关键。行为者之间更好的横向协调可以为与价值链上游和下游其他节点的纵向协调建立的经济升级创造更多机会。有必要进一步将这些模型与水产养殖系统联系起来，并制定明确的包容性指标。