Abstract In severely cold regions, it is very difficult to prevent the formation of ice on solid surfaces, even on superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces. Compared with anti-icing surfaces, icephobic surfaces are more useful in practice. In this work, a traditional epoxy coating was modified by using maleic anhydride (MAH) as a crosslinking agent, in addition to filling a small amount of epoxy resin grafted with fluorine containing chains (FEP). The wettability and the mechanical properties of the modified coating, as well as the adhesive strength of ice on the coating surface and the stability of the icephobic properties of the coating, were systematically studied. The results showed that the modified coating surface became more hydrophobic and the force required to remove ice from the surface was less than that needed for removing on the unmodified coating surface. Furthermore, the modified coating has excellent mechanical properties. After sanding with abrasive paper, the unmodified coating surface is more hydrophilic, whereas the modified coating surface retains its hydrophobicity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates that compared with crosslinking by traditional polyamides, crosslinking using MAH greatly reduces the number of polar groups on the coating surface. The FEP introduction further reduces the free energy of the coating surface. As a result, the modified epoxy coating exhibits excellent icephobic performance. This study will be helpful for the design of icephobic epoxy coatings for use in practical applications. For example, it may make the de-icing on the underside of trains running in cold regions becomes more easily.

中文翻译：

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使用马来酸酐作为交联剂的坚固的疏冰环氧涂层

摘要 在严寒地区，很难防止固体表面结冰，即使是在超疏水（SH）表面。与防冰表面相比，憎冰表面在实践中更有用。在这项工作中，除了填充少量接枝有含氟链 (FEP) 的环氧树脂外，还使用马来酸酐 (MAH) 作为交联剂对传统的环氧树脂涂层进行了改性。系统研究了改性涂层的润湿性和力学性能，以及涂层表面冰的粘附强度和涂层疏冰性能的稳定性。结果表明，改性涂层表面变得更加疏水，从表面去除冰所需的力小于在未改性涂层表面去除冰所需的力。此外，改性涂层具有优异的机械性能。用砂纸打磨后，未改性的涂层表面更亲水，而改性的涂层表面保持其疏水性。X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 表明，与传统聚酰胺交联相比，使用 MAH 进行交联大大减少了涂层表面的极性基团数量。FEP 的引入进一步降低了涂层表面的自由能。因此，改性环氧涂层表现出优异的防冰性能。这项研究将有助于设计用于实际应用的防冰环氧涂料。例如，它可以使在寒冷地区运行的列车底部的除冰变得更容易。