The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex neighborhood that consists of immune cells, fibroblasts, pericytes, adipocytes, endothelial and neuronal cells, and the extracellular matrix proteins. TME also consists of physical factors, such as oxygen availability, changing pH, interstitial fluid pressure, and tissue stiffness. As cancer progresses, the physical properties and the cells in the TME change significantly, impacting the efficacy of the therapies and modulating drug resistance. This has led to the development of several new treatments targeting the TME. This review focuses on recent advances on the role of TME in drug resistance, with a particular focus on the ongoing clinical trials aiming at disrupting the TME- and the extracellular matrix-mediated protection against therapies.

中文翻译：

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细胞外基质和基质细胞作为药物靶点在基质丰富的癌症中的相互作用。

肿瘤微环境 (TME) 是一个复杂的区域，由免疫细胞、成纤维细胞、周细胞、脂肪细胞、内皮细胞和神经元细胞以及细胞外基质蛋白组成。TME 还包括物理因素，例如氧气可用性、pH 变化、间质液压力和组织硬度。随着癌症的进展，TME 中的物理特性和细胞会发生显着变化，从而影响治疗效果并调节耐药性。这导致了针对 TME 的几种新疗法的开发。本综述重点介绍 TME 在耐药性中作用的最新进展，特别关注正在进行的旨在破坏 TME 和细胞外基质介导的治疗保护作用的临床试验。