Tourette Syndrome (TS) is characterized by the presence of tics and sensory phenomena, such as premonitory urges, and is often accompanied by significant obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). The goal of this exploratory study was to determine the association between functional connectivity and the different symptom domains of TS, as little is currently known about how they differ. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 39 patients with TS and 20 matched healthy controls. Seed-based functional connectivity of the supplementary motor area (SMA), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), insula, caudate and putamen were compared between the groups, and correlated with clinical measures within the patient group. When compared to controls, patients with TS exhibited greater connectivity between the temporal gyri, insula and putamen, and between the OFC and cingulate cortex. Tic severity was associated with greater connectivity between the putamen and the sensorimotor cortex; OCS severity was associated with less connectivity between the SMA and thalamus and between the caudate and precuneus; and premonitory urge severity was associated with less connectivity between the OFC and sensorimotor cortex and between the inferior frontal gyrus and the putamen and insula seeds. Functional connectivity within sensorimotor processing regions were associated with all of the investigated symptom domains, including OCS, suggesting dysfunctions in the sensorimotor system may explain most of the observed symptoms in TS, and not just tics.

中文翻译：

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抽动秽语综合征中抽动和强迫症症状的功能连通性概况。

抽动秽语综合征（TS）的特征是抽动和感觉现象（如先兆催促）的存在，并经常伴有明显的强迫症（OCS）。这项探索性研究的目的是确定功能连接性与TS的不同症状域之间的关联，因为目前对它们之间的区别知之甚少。在39例TS患者和20例匹配的健康对照者中进行了静息状态功能磁共振成像。在各组之间比较了辅助运动区（SMA），眶额皮质（OFC），岛状，尾状和壳状核的基于种子的功能连通性，并与患者组中的临床指标相关。与对照组相比，TS患者在颞回，岛突和壳核之间表现出更大的连通性，在OFC和扣带状皮层之间。抽动的严重程度与壳核和感觉运动皮层之间更大的连通性有关。OCS的严重程度与SMA和丘脑之间以及尾状和前神经之间的连通性降低有关。并且，监测前冲动的严重程度与OFC和感觉运动皮层之间以及额额下回与壳核和绝缘子之间的连通性降低有关。感觉运动处理区域内的功能连通性与所有研究的症状域（包括OCS）相关，这表明感觉运动系统功能障碍可能解释了TS中观察到的大多数症状，而不仅仅是抽动。OCS的严重程度与SMA和丘脑之间以及尾状和前神经之间的连通性降低有关。并且，监测前冲动的严重程度与OFC和感觉运动皮层之间以及额额下回与壳核和绝缘子之间的连通性降低有关。感觉运动处理区域内的功能连通性与所有研究的症状域（包括OCS）相关，这表明感觉运动系统功能障碍可能解释了TS中观察到的大多数症状，而不仅仅是抽动。OCS的严重程度与SMA和丘脑之间以及尾状和前神经之间的连通性较低有关。并且，前冲动的严重程度与OFC和感觉运动皮层之间以及额额下回与壳核和绝缘子之间的连通性降低相关。感觉运动处理区域内的功能连通性与所有研究的症状域（包括OCS）相关，这表明感觉运动系统功能障碍可能解释了TS中观察到的大多数症状，而不仅仅是抽动。