Tumour lysis syndrome is a complication of chemotherapy for haematological malignancies; in particular, aggressive leukaemias and lymphomas. For haematological malignancies, targeted therapies, such as small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, have a high anti-tumour activity, are well tolerated, and have a low incidence of associated tumour lysis syndrome. The BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax has a high anti-tumour activity in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, achieving deep remissions by potently inducing apoptosis and increasing the risk for tumour lysis syndrome. In this Viewpoint, we discuss the pathophysiology, risk factors, monitoring, changes in laboratory parameters, and clinical manifestations of tumour lysis syndrome, and the prophylaxis and treatments available for this complication. Prophylaxis and treatment strategies have been implemented as standard of care in patients receiving venetoclax to minimise the risk of both laboratory and clinical manifestations of tumour lysis syndrome.

中文翻译：

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使用 BCL-2 抑制剂治疗的慢性淋巴细胞白血病患者的肿瘤溶解综合征：危险因素、预防和治疗建议。


肿瘤溶解综合征是血液系统恶性肿瘤化疗的并发症；特别是侵袭性白血病和淋巴瘤。对于血液系统恶性肿瘤，小分子抑制剂和单克隆抗体等靶向治疗具有较高的抗肿瘤活性，耐受性良好，且相关肿瘤溶解综合征的发生率较低。 BCL-2 抑制剂 Venetoclax 在慢性淋巴细胞白血病中具有较高的抗肿瘤活性，通过有效诱导细胞凋亡并增加肿瘤溶解综合征的风险来实现深度缓解。在本观点中，我们讨论肿瘤溶解综合征的病理生理学、危险因素、监测、实验室参数变化和临床表现，以及该并发症的预防和治疗。预防和治疗策略已作为接受维奈托克治疗的患者的标准护理实施，以尽量减少肿瘤溶解综合征实验室和临床表现的风险。