Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have been widely reported as promising candidates for energy storage, but the research on zinc-ion based supercapacitors or hybrid supercapacitors has received little attention and the energy storage mechanism is still controversial. Here, a high-performance zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor is successfully demonstrated with biowaste-derived porous carbon and cheap zinc foil. Thanks to the bivalent characteristic of zinc and electric double layer capacitive nature of porous carbon, as-assembed hybrid supercapacitors can achieve high energy density of 147.0 Wh kg^–1 at 136.1 W kg^–1 and a maximum power density of 15.7 kW kg^–1 at 65.4 Wh kg^–1 together with outstanding cycling stability (92.2% capacity retention after 10000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^–1). Most importantly, 61.6% of the initial capacity at 1 A g^–1 can be remained even under a mass loading as high as 17 mg cm^–2. Significantly, the phase composition of byproducts formed in Zn(CF₃SO₃)₂ electrolyte have been confirmed by ex-situ experimental results and theoretical calculations. Besides, when applied optimized carbon cathode into quasi-solid-state hybrid supercapacitors with a unique anti-freezing hydrogel electrolyte, this device can well service at various bending states and relatively low temperature of –15 °C.

水性锌离子电池已被广泛报道为有潜力的储能对象，但是基于锌离子的超级电容器或混合超级电容器的研究却很少受到关注，并且储能机理仍存在争议。在这里，成功地展示了一种高性能的锌离子混合超级电容器，其生物废料衍生的多孔碳和廉价的锌箔。由于锌的二价特性和多孔碳的双电层电容特性，在136.1 W kg ^–1时，组装的混合超级电容器可以实现147.0 Wh kg ^–1的高能量密度和15.7 kW kg ^–1的最大功率密度。在65.4 Wh公斤^–1以及出色的循环稳定性（在10 A g ^–1的高电流密度下10000次循环后，容量保持率为92.2％）。最重要的是，即使在高达17 mg cm ^-2的质量负载下，在1 A g ^–1时仍可以保留61.6％的初始容量。显著，形成在锌副产物的相组成（CF ₃ SO ₃）₂电解质由已被确认的前-原位实验结果和理论计算。此外，当将优化的碳阴极应用于具有独特的防冻水凝胶电解质的准固态混合超级电容器中时，该器件可在各种弯曲状态和–15°C的相对低温下很好地使用。